去势联合地塞米松建立大鼠骨质疏松模型的研究

摘要

Objective To study the effect of ovariectomy combined with dexamethasone intramuscular injection on the establishment of rat osteoporosis model. Methods Twenty⁃four 3�5 -month⁃old female SD rats (250 ± 20 g) were randomly divided into 3 groups: Group A ( sham operation +sodium chloride intramuscular injection ) , Group B ( ovariectomy + sodium chloride intramuscular injection) , and Group C ( ovariectomy+dexamethasone intramuscular injection) . The bilateral ovaries of the last 2 groups were dissected. BMD was measured using dual⁃energy X⁃ray densitometry before and 2-, 4-, and 6-week after the operation. Bone CT scan, peripheral blood biochemistry, and the histomorphology of the femoral neck were examined after 6 weeks of the operation. Results In 6 weeks after operation, the whole body BMD and the values of bone CT in group C were lower than that in group A (P<0�05). The serum concentration of Ca in group B and C decreased obviously comparing to that in group A (P<0�05). The serum concentration of P in group B and C increased obviously comparing to that in group A (P<0�05). The serum concentrations of ALP and TRACP in group B increased obviously comparing to that in group A ( P < 0�05 ) . The serum concentration of ALP in group C increased significantly while the TRACP decreased comparing to that in group B (P<0�01). The bone trabecular in group B and C became narrow, uncompleted, ruptured, and even hollowed, while the marrow cavity became larger and the distribution of bone cells and the bone trabecular number decreased ( P<0�01 ) . It was more obvious in group C. Conclusion Ovariectomy combined with dexamethasone intramuscular injection to establish rat osteoporosis model is faster, more effective, and more stabilized than using ovariectomy alone.%目的：观察去势联合地塞米松肌肉注射的方法建立大鼠骨质疏松模型的效果。方法将24只3�5月龄雌性SD大鼠（250±20）g随机分成3组，A组：假手术＋肌注生理盐水组（8只）、B组：去势＋肌注生理盐水组（8只）和C组：去势＋肌注地塞米松组（8只）。后两组大鼠行双侧卵巢切除术。分别于术前及术后2w、4w、6w采用（双能X线吸收）骨密度仪进行大鼠全身BMD的测量，术后6w三组大鼠分别进行骨CT值测量、外周血生化检测和股骨颈骨组织形态学观察及其骨小梁形态计量学测定。结果大鼠术后6w， C组全身BMD及骨CT值较A组明显降低（P＜0�05）；B和C组血清Ca浓度较A组明显下降（P＜0�05）；B和C组血清P浓度较A组明显升高（P＜0�05）；B组血清ALP、TRACP浓度较A组明显升高（P＜0�05），C组与B组比较血清ALP浓度显著降低（P＜0�01）、TRACP浓度显著增高（P＜0�01）；B组和C组大鼠骨小梁均变窄，连接不完整出现断裂、局部镂空的现象，骨髓腔变大，骨细胞分布减少，骨小梁形态计量值降低（P＜0�01），C组更明显。结论去势联合肌注地塞米松法建立大鼠骨质疏松症模型较单纯去势法时间短、效果明显、稳定性好。