年龄相关性白内障老年患者的平衡功能与视觉功能障碍的关系

摘要

Objective: To study the relationship between balance function and visual dysfunction in elderly patients with age-related cataract. Methods: A total of 87 elderly patients with age-related cataract were enrolled in a case-series study at the cataract clinical center of the Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University between April to October 2017. Data from visual function (LogMAR VA), static balance function (Berg Balance Scale, BBS), dynamic balance function (Timed up and go test, TUG), cognitive (MMSE Questionnaire) and depression status (GDS-15 Questionnaire) were collected from subjects. A variance test, regression line and multiple stepwise linear regression were used for statistical analysis. results: The average score of the BBS was 50.0±2.8, the average TUG time was 12.1±3.5 seconds. BBS scores and TUG times were related mainly to binocular visual acuity and age: the multiple linear regression equation of the BBS=62.27-4.37×binocular visual acuity -0.12×age (F=23.87, P<0.001), TUG time=-5.07+3.83×binocular visual acuity +0.19×age (F=15.22, P<0.001). The BBS scores (F=3.45, P=0.067) and TUG times (F=3.88, P=0.052) did not quite reach a significant difference between genders. conclusions: With an increase in visual dysfunction and age, the balance function of elderly patients with cataracts gradually declines, including static balance and dynamic balance function. The effect of age on balance dysfunction is less than that of visual function. Visual impairment mainly affects the dynamic balance function and triggers fall events. Gender differences do not have a significant effect on balance function.%目的:研究年龄相关性白内障老年患者的平衡功能与视觉功能障碍的关系.方法:系列病例研究.选择2017年4-10月在温州医科大学附属眼视光医院白内障专科中心诊断为年龄相关性白内障的患者87例,评估受试者的视觉功能(LogMAR视力)、静态平衡功能(Berg平衡量表)、动态平衡功能["站起-走"(TUG)计时]以及认知(MMSE问卷)和抑郁状态(GDS-15问卷).采用方差检验、回归线、多元逐步线性回归进行数据分析.结果:87例受试者的Berg平衡量表分值为(50.0±2.8)分,TUG计时值为(12.1±3.5)s.Berg平衡量表分值和TUG计时主要与双眼视力、年龄相关,多元线性回归方程分别为Berg平衡量表分值=62.27-4.37×双眼视力-0.12×年龄(F=23.87,P<0.001),TUG计时=-5.07+3.83×双眼视力+0.19×年龄(F=15.22,P<0.001).不同性别间的Berg平衡量表分值(F=3.45,P=0.067)和TUG计时(F=3.88,P=0.052)差异没有统计学意义.结论:随着视觉功能障碍的加重和年龄的增加,白内障老年患者的静态平衡和动态平衡功能逐渐下降,年龄对平衡功能的影响程度低于视觉功能.视觉功能障碍主要以影响动态平衡功能从而引发跌倒事件,性别差异对平衡功能没有显著影响.