Toll样受体在干眼发病机制中的研究进展

摘要

最近研究显示眼表引发免疫炎症反应的部分原因是眼表存在一类称为Toll样受体(TLRs)的蛋白家族.TLRs在眼部的表达受到感染和各种炎症环境的影响,例如单疱病毒、细菌、真菌性角膜炎,变态反应性结膜炎和干眼综合征.TLRs信号通路对抗原递呈细胞和T细胞介导的免疫炎症反应的激活起重要作用.近些年随着眼科学的发展,对TLRs在干眼发病机制方面的研究逐渐增多,现就TLRs的结构与配体,TLRs的信号转导路径,TLRs在眼表中的表达位置及表达模式,以及与于眼的相关性作一综述.%Recently it was discovered that the immune response on the ocular surface is partly due to a protein family known as toll-like receptors (TLRs).Expression of TLRs in the eye has been implicated in infection and various inflammations, such as herpes simplex virus, bacterial keratitis, fungal keratitis, allergic conjunctivitis and dry eye syndrome.The TLRs signaling pathway has the dominant role in the inflammatory immune response, mediated by the activation of antigen-presenting cells and T cells.Recently, TLRs have been found to contribute to the pathogenesis of dry eye.This paper reviews the structure and the ligand of TLRs, the signal transmission pathway of TLRs, the location and expression patterns of TLRs on the ocular surface, and the relationship between TLRs and dry eye.