关注以人群为基础的眼病流行病学调查研究设计和实施的一些问题

摘要

我国以人群为基础的眼病流行病学调查研究日益增加,但足其中存在着不少问题,包括将危险因素的确立等同于统计学上的相火性,盲目地进行大样本研究,不恰当的抽样方法导致样本不具备总体代表性,随意设计调查表,缺乏预试验,采用眼科检查设备和诊断标准不统一,以及数据的完整性与安全性受到资料处理不当的不良影响等.这些问题导致研究设计和实施上各个环节的缺陷,从而使得调查研究结果的可信度不佳.眼科工作者应该加深对这些问题和缺陷的认识与理解,规范化进行研究设计与实施,才能保证调查研究的真实价值.%Nowadays, the number of ophthalmic population-based epidemiology survey is increasing in China. But some distinct shortcomings of the planning and conducting steps, such as wrong concept of the relationship between statistic correlation and risk factor, unnecessary large sample size, inappropriate sampling method, informal design of questionnaire, no pilot study, improper field study, incorrect data input and sort, no quality control, etc., are presented in some surveys, resulting in the poor reliability. Valuable epidemiology results could be obtained only after elucidation of these problems and using a standard design.