角膜交联疗法治疗角膜疾病的研究进展

摘要

Corneal crosslink through UVA-riboflavin photochemistry has been shown to be an effective treatment for keratoconus,related keratectasias and infectious melting keratitis that did not respond to systemic therapy. It is a new approach to increase the mechanical and biochemical stability of the stromal tissue. The purpose of this paper is to review the basic principle, procedure, laboratory and clinical researches about corneal crosslink. In the current situation, it can state only that UVA-riboflavin induced corneal crosslink leads in the majority of the cases to a halt of the progression, and the complications of the corneal endothelial cells, crystalline lens and retina seem to be rare.%角膜交联疗法是近年来兴起的一种治疗圆锥角膜、准分子激光术后的角膜扩张及难治性角膜溃疡、角膜炎等角膜疾病的新疗法.通过370 nm波长的紫外线A照射浸染了感光剂核黄素的角膜胶原纤维,诱导角膜胶原纤维发生交联增强角膜硬度,增加胶原纤维的机械强度和抵抗角膜扩张的能力.通过阐述这一疗法的基本原理、治疗方法、临床应用现状及相关安全性问题,初步说明角膜交联疗法可阻止角膜扩张的进一步发展,稳定圆锥角膜的屈光形态与屈光度数,改善患者视力,且不会影响角膜内皮细胞、晶状体及视网膜;对于难治性角膜炎与角膜溃疡亦有较好疗效.