20世纪40年代以来中国大面积种植大豆品种的系谱分析

摘要

根据种植面积筛选出20世纪40年代以来我国东北和黄淮海地区大面积种植的大豆品种113份,通过系谱分析,归纳出大面积种植品种的直接亲本和祖先亲本.结果表明,大面积种植品种比普通品种拥有更多的祖先亲本,遗传基础更丰富；新近育成的大面积种植品种比早期育成的大面积种植品种遗传基础更丰富；黄淮海地区大面积种植品种比东北地区大面积种植品种的遗传基础更为丰富.以大面积种植品种作为“平台亲本”培育的新品种更容易在生产上种植应用,更有希望成为新的大面积种植品种.各生态区间的种质交流还有待于进一步加强.%A total of 113 soybean cultivars from Northeast and Huanghuaihai Valleys since 1940s were selected for pedigree analysis based on their commercial success measured by their planted areas in hectares.Based on the collected pedigree data of these cultivars,the end ancestors and direct parents of these cultivars were traced.Compared to the data of the cultivars reported before,the number of end ancestors of these popular cuhivars was increased,and their genetic basis was broader than ordinary cultivars.Newly-bred popular cultivars had broader genetic background than the old ones.The genetic basis of these cultivars from Huanghuaihai Valleys was broader than those from northeast China.Their offsprings had greater potential to be new elite cuhivars than those from other crosses.The germplasm exchange between different regions could be further improved.