Origin, Description, and Pedigree of Chinese Soybean, Cultivars from 1923 to 1995

摘要

This report catalogs 651 soybean cultivars developed between 1923 and 1995 in the211u001ePeople's Republic of China. It provides soybean breeders with the origin, 211u001edistribution, description, and pedigree of Chinese soybean cultivars as a 211u001epractical guide for the selection of good parental material and the preservation 211u001eof genetic diversity in breeding programs. Information includes cultivar name, 211u001eits prior designation as a breeding line, year of release, province and 211u001einstitution where the cultivar was developed, breeding method employed in 211u001edevelopment, area for which the cultivar was released, recommended planting time 211u001eand cropping system, days to maturity, flower color, colors of pubescence, seed 211u001ecoat, hilum, and cotyledon, 100-seed weight, protein and oil contents, stem 211u001etermination type, pod shattering, primary use, number of seeds per pod, and 211u001eresistance to diseases and insects. Pedigrees trace the cultivars back to their 211u001eancestors---landraces, exotic introductions, and a few cases of unknown strains. 211u001eThe 341 ancestors of Chinese cultivars are also described and the relations of 211u001eimproved cultivars to each of the ancestors are illustrated.