我国南方产区花生育种现状、存在问题及育种建议

摘要

Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is one of important crops in southern China.This paper summarised peanut breeding in southern China during last decade,analyzed the trend of peanut production and uncovered the main factors affecting peanut production in southern China.According to the regional trial data of varieties in last decade,we analyzed the current situation and the main problems of peanut breeding in southern China in the aspects of yield,plant type,pod,disease resistance and quality traits.The results indicated that breeding methods and hybrid parents were more important determinants in breeding programs.Some practicable suggestions were made to guide the genetic improvement of peanut breeding in southern China in future.%本文对近十年来南方产区花生生产情况进行归纳总结,深入剖析了南方产区花生生产变化趋势,解析了影响南方产区花生产量增长的主要因素.结合多年来南方产区参试品种的区试数据,从产量、植株性状、荚果性状、抗病性和品质性状多方面分析了我国南方产区花生育种现状;总结了多年来南方产区花生育种存在的主要问题,并针对这些问题,从育种方法和育种亲本寻找原因;最后,对南方产区花生育种提出了一些建议,为今后我国南方花生遗传改良提供参考.