住院成年眼外伤患者临床流行病学特征

摘要

目的 探讨现阶段成年住院眼外伤患者的流行病学特征.方法 对2006年聊城市人民医院眼科收治的199例(223眼)成人(18岁及以上)眼外伤患者进行分析.结果 本组患者男女性别比为4.85:1,中位年龄35岁(18～65岁).患者以体力工作者为主(83.90%).左眼91例(45.73%),右眼84例(42.21%),双眼24例(12.06%).发生地点最常见为工作场所(40.70%),高于其他各组(P<0.01),次之为公共场所(26.60%)、道路(21.60%)、而家庭(11.10%)所占构成比最低,低于其他各组(P<0.01).致伤原因中,职业伤(35.70%)、殴打伤(30.70%)所占构成比较高,高于其他各组(P<0.01).眼外伤类别以挫伤最常见(62.80%).77.96%的患者在伤后1 d内就诊.出院视力中位为0.8,高于中位入院视力0.12(Wilcoxon检验,Z=-7.6211,P<0.001).结论 成人眼外伤患者以体力工作者常见,以中青年男性为主,眼外伤发生与职业关系最密切,殴打伤较多,外伤类别以挫伤最多,多数患者能够得到及时有效的诊治.%Objective To discuss the epidemiological characteristics of adult in-patients of ocular trauma.Methods One hundred and ninety-nine in-patients(223 eyes)of ocular trauma from January 2006 to December 2006 were analyzed retrospectively.The patients aged 18 years or older.Results The ratio of male to female wss 4.85:1.The median age was 35 years(18～65 years).The majority of patients were blue collar workers(83.90%).There were 91 cases with ocular trauma in left eye(45.73%),84 cases in fight eye(42.21%),24 cases in bilateral eyes(12.06%).The most common spot occurring ocular trauma was workplace(40.70%).It was higher than any other group(P<0.05).Followed by public place(26.60%) and road(21.60%).Home was the spot oflowest occurance rate(11.10%),which was lower than any other group(P<0.05).Thirty five point seven percent of all patients were injured due to occupational activities,and 30.70% of all cases were injured due to beating.Those two reasons were higher than other reasons (P<0.05).Ther most common pattern of ocular trauma was contusion(62.80%).The majority of patients (77.90%)were hospitalized in one day.The median visual acuity on discharge day was 0.8,which was higher than that on admission day(0.12)(Wilcoxon test,Z=-7.6211,P<0.001).Conclusion The aduh in-patients of ocular trauma were composed mainly of male blue collar workers of young middle age.Most of them were occupation-related.Beating was another reason leading to ocular trauma.Contusion was the most common pattern of ocular trauma.Majority of patients could receive timely and effective treatment.