用于恶性黑色素瘤诊断及靶向治疗的核素标记分子探针研究进展

摘要

恶性黑色素瘤(MM)的预后、生存率与临床分期及有效治疗密切相关.早期MM的准确分期及晚期MM的有效治疗方案一直是临床面临的难题.无创分子影像技术在恶性肿瘤的诊断、分期、疗效监测和评估方面起着重要作用,尤其是核素显像及治疗已成为研究焦点.学者在18F-FDG、抗体、受体及小分子化合物苯甲酰胺用于MM显像及靶向治疗方面进行了广泛的探索,笔者综合介绍了几类用于MM显像的核素探针的特点及存在的局限性.%Early diagnosis and accurate staging are important for planning therapeutic intervention to improve outcomes in patients with malignant melanoma (MM).Noninvasive molecular imaging has been extensively studied in cancer diagnosis,staging,therapeutic evaluation,and prognosis.Several radiopharmaceuticals have been developed to diagnose and treat MM,such as monoclonal antibodies,melanocortin receptors,benzamide (BZA) and BZA analogs.In this review,the characteristics and limitations of these radionuclide molecular probes are summarized and discussed.