广西南宁市2009～2011年孕产妇艾滋病流行病学特征分析

摘要

目的：了解广西南宁市2009～2011年孕产妇艾滋病流行情况和发展趋势，为制定预防和控制艾滋病策略提供参考依据。方法从“预防艾滋病母婴传播管理信息系统”收集南宁市2009～2011年预防艾滋病母婴传播工作报表、HIV阳性孕产妇个案信息表并进行描述性流行病学分析。结果2009～2011年南宁市孕产妇共检出HIV感染者317例，感染率为0.103％，各年感染率分别为0.100％、0.096％和0.112％，差异无统计学意义（χ2＝1.572，P＝0.456）；HIV感染者年龄以20～34岁为主，占总数的86.1％；民族以汉族（156例/49.2％）和壮族（143例/45.1％）为主；职业以无业（106例/33.4％）和农民为主（112例/35.3％）；文化程度以初中及以下为主（239例/75.4％）；性传播227例，2009～2011年艾滋病性传播率分别为0.061％、0.071％、0.087％，各年差异无统计学意义（χ2＝4.927，P＝0.085）；2009～2011年HIV感染孕产妇终止妊娠率分别为4.49％、8.08％、17.83％，差异有统计学意义（χ2＝10.819， P＝0.004）。2009～2011年实施母婴阻断人数为290人，阻断率为91.48％，年度阻断率分别为93.26％、90.91％、90.70％，各年差异无统计学意义（χ2＝0.504，P＝0.777）。结论2009～2011年南宁市孕产妇HIV感染率呈平稳趋势，性传播是艾滋病的主要传播途径，艾滋病母婴阻断效果显著，但防控形势依然严峻，有必要继续采取有效的预防策略及措施控制其流行。%Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and prevalent trend of AIDS among pregnant women in Nanning City , and to provide scientific basis for preventing AIDS .Methods The preventing Mother-to-Child Transmission( PMTCT) report forms and HIV infections information from 2009 to 2011 were collected and analyzed .Results Three hundred and seventeen pregnant women in Nanning City were infected with HIV .From 2009 to 2011 , the HIV infection rate were 0.100%, 0.096%and 0.112%, respectively , which had no significant association among the three groups (χ2 =1.572 ,P=0.456 ) .Most of the HIV infected pregnant women aged from 20~34,highly to be 86.1%of the cases.Their nationalities were mainly Han nationality (156 cases/49.2%) and Zhuang nationality(143 cases/45.1%),with an occupation as unemployed (106 cases/33.4%) and farmers(112 cases/35.3%),as well as a poor education background for only received junior middle school or even under education (239 ca-ses/75.4%) .Two hundred and twenty-seven cases were infected by sex transmission , accounted for 71.6%.From 2009 to 2011, the sex transmission rate of HIV infections were 0.061%,0.071%,0.087%, respectively.There was no significant association of the three groups (χ2 =4.927 ,P=0.085 ) .During 2009 to 2011 ,the termination of preg-nancy rate of HIV infected pregnant women were 4.49%,8.08%,17.83%,separately,which had significant associa-tion among the groups (χ2 =10.819 ,P=0.004 ) .Two hundred and ninety cases were implemented PMTCT ,the bloc-king rates was 91.48%,and subannual blocking rates were 93.26%,90.91%,90.70%, which had no significant as-sociation(χ2 =0.504,P =0.777).Conclusion The prevalent trend of HIV infections among pregnant women in Nanning City from 2009 to 2011 showed a stable trend , and sex transmission was the primary transmission of AIDS . The intervention for PMTCT is effective and feasible .But the prevention and control of AIDS is still a severe chal-lenge.It is necessary to adopt effective preventive measures to control the prevalence .