146例压疮患者居家照顾者的照顾行为调查

摘要

Objective To study the status of caring behaviors among family caregivers of patients with pressure ulcer.Methods Convenience sampling method was adopted,and the caring behaviors were investigated among 146 family caregivers of patients with Ⅱ ～ Ⅳ pressure ulcers by the questionnaire.Results The mean score of the caring behavior was (39.98 ± 6.33 ).Among the caregivers,only 17.8％ of caregivers never raised the patient's bed above 30 degree,17.1％ of caregivers placed the patients at a 30 degree lateral position,25.3％ of caregivers never used doughnut pressure relieving devices.Dimension score of position care was the lowest ( 18.55 ± 3.84),followed by wound care (7.65 ± 1.73 ),nutritional support (3.85 ± 1.51 ),and skin care was the highest (9.88 ±2.21 ).Conclusions The caring behaviors of caregivers of patients with pressure ulcer are far from ideal,especially position care and wound care.The targeted intervention programs on position care and wound care can effectively improve the caring behaviors of family caregivers of patients with pressure ulcer.%目的 探讨压疮患者居家照顾者照顾行为现状.方法 便利抽样,采用问卷调查法对146名Ⅱ～Ⅳ期压疮患者居家照顾者进行调查.结果 本组照顾者照顾行为总分平均(39.98±6.33)分,仅17.8％的照顾者帮助患者抬高床头时从不超过30°,17.1％的照顾者给患者翻身侧卧时从不大于30°,25.3％的照顾者从不使用圈型气垫;各维度得分中,翻身行为维度得分最低为(18.55±3.84)分,创面护理维度得分次之(7.65±1.73)分,其次是营养支持维度得分(3.85±1.51)分,皮肤护理维度得分最高(9.88±2.21)分.结论 压疮患者居家照顾者照顾行为存在不足和误区,尤其是翻身行为和创面护理方面比较薄弱.针对提高照顾者翻身行为和换药行为的护理干预有助于促进患者压疮愈合,降低压疮新发和再发生率.