对ICU护士器官捐献劝捐经验和捐献意愿现状的调查

摘要

Objective To investigate the experience of persuading to donate and the willingness of ICU nurses toward organ donation.Methods Totals of 194 ICU nurses from 3 Grade A general hospitals in Beijing were chosen through convenience sampling to complete the questionnaires.And the CVI of the organ donation knowledge scale and that of organ donation willingness scale respectively was 0.94 and 0.96,and Cronbach's (a) of the questionnaire was 0.9.Results Among 194 nurses of ICU,who had never received education of organ transplantation and organ donation accounted for 89.7％,94.3％ of ICU nurses were absence of the experience of persuading to donate,27.8％ of ICU nurses were not willing to donate their organs and only 1.0％ of respondents had signed the organ donation consent.When facing the potential organ donors among ICU patients,only 14.9％ of the ICU nurses tended to active persuading people to donate.Significant differences were found in the ICU nurses with different education degree,title,frequency of taking public benefit activities,and had the experience of persuading or not(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions ICU nurses are lacking of experience of persuading people to donate and have a low willingness of organ donation.Relevant education and cultivation should be strengthened in order to increase the positive willingness and stimulate the active persuading behaviors of ICU nurses.%目的 调查ICU护士对于器官捐献的劝捐经验及自身捐献意愿的现状.方法 参考台湾史丽珠等编制的器官捐献劝捐经验和器官捐献意愿的调查表,并进行语言表达上的修改制定调查表,内容包括护理及劝捐经验和器官捐献意愿两部分.器官捐献知识量表的CVI值为0.94,器官捐献态度量表的CVI值为0.96,该问卷的Cronbach's (a)系数为0.9.对北京3所三级甲等综合医院ICU的200名护士进行调查.结果 共发放200份调查问卷,收回有效问卷194份,有效率97％.194名护士中89.7％未接受过器官移植及捐献的培训；94.3％未曾有过劝捐的行为；在器官捐献意愿方面,27.8％不愿意捐献自己的器官,只有1.0％愿意并已经签署了器官捐献同意书；面对ICU患者这一潜在器官捐赠群体,只有14.9％的ICU护士选择主动劝捐.不同学历、职称、参加公益活动的频率以及是否具有劝捐经验ICU护士的器官捐献意愿比较差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 在ICU护士中,拥有劝捐经验并选择主动劝捐的比例很小,且器官捐献意愿较低.应加强对ICU护士的相关培训和引导,使其了解到自己所在的位置和作用,增强其主动劝捐的意愿.