Objective To explore the high risk factors of aspiration in children,and to provide an objective basis for the clinical practice. Methods According to the aspiration high-risk factors and the children characteristics,our hospital designed the evaluation sheet of risk factors for aspiration of children hospitalized in pediatric from the following eight factors including the age,history of vomiting frequency,aspiration history,shortness of breath and choke to cough,postures,vocal cord damaging,nasal gastric tube and the consciousness. The scoring range was 8-30 points,and the evaluation score was < 13 and classified as low risk. The evaluation score was ≥ 13 score as high risk degree. Meantime we made the different-degree prospective intervention measures of nursing intervention in advance. We selected 20265 pediatrics discharged children from June to December 2014 in our hospital as the control group,and selected 19826 pediatrics discharged children from June to December 2015 in our hospital as the observation group. We observed the protective effect of aspiration among children in two groups. Results Comparing clinical application effects before and after using high risk factors aspiration assessment table in pediatrics children,the incidence of aspiration/ asphyxia in the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.01). Conclusions The application of aspiration high-risk factors assessment in pediatrics hospitalized children can improve the nurses' ability to identify and judge the risk of aspiration and reduce the incidence of aspiration/suffocation among high-risk children.%目的 探讨小儿误吸高风险因素,为临床提供客观依据.方法 江苏省徐州市儿童医院根据患儿误吸高风险因素并结合患儿的特点设计儿内科住院患儿误吸高风险因素评估表,该评估表从年龄、呕吐次数、误吸史、气促呛咳、体位、声带受损、置鼻胃肠管、意识状态8项内容进行评估.得分范围8~30分,评估分值<13分列为低危度,评估分值≥13分列为高危度.并且制定了各危度前瞻性干预措施,提前进行护理干预.对照组选择2014年6—12月全院内科出院患儿20265例,观察组选择2015年6—12月全院内科出院患儿19826例.观察两组患儿误吸的预防效果.结果 临床应用儿内科住院患儿误吸高风险因素评估表的前后进行比较,两组误吸/窒息发生率比较有统计学意义(P<0.01).结论 儿内科住院患儿误吸高风险因素评估表应用于临床,提高了护士对误吸风险的识别及判断能力.降低高危患儿误吸/窒息的发生率.
展开▼
