目的 研究泪腺动脉的显微解剖结构.方法 收集30例(60侧)血管灌注的成人头颅标本,观察泪腺动脉的起源、毗邻关系、走行及分型,测量相关数据.结果 96.7％ (58/60)泪腺动脉起源于眼动脉,其中35侧泪腺动脉起自眼动脉角,11侧起自眼动脉弯,7侧起自眼动脉的第1段,5侧起自眼动脉的第2段；3.3％ (2/60)起源于脑膜中动脉.泪腺动脉血管的外径为(0.89±0.21)mm.65.0％泪腺神经走行于泪腺动脉腺体支的上方.88.3％泪腺动脉腺体支以1～2干支配泪腺.结论 泪腺动脉的起始及眶内走行多变异,研究泪腺动脉的解剖结构有助于在泪腺穿刺活检和切除术中减少出血及损伤,同时在神经外科手术中亦应避免伤及此动脉.%Objective To study the microsurgical anatomical structure of the lacrimal gland artery. Methods Thirty adult cadaveric heads fixed by vascular perfusion were selected. The origin, relations to surrounding tissues, course and types of the lacrimal gland artery were observed and the related data was measured. Results In this study, 96.7% (2/60) lacrimal gland artery originated from the ophthalmic artery and 3.3% (2/60) from middle meningeal artery, including from the angle of the ophthalmic artery in 35 sides, from the curvature of the ophthalmic artery in 11 sides, from the first segment of the lacrimal gland artery in 7 sides and from the second segmen of the lacrimal gland artery in 5 sides. The outer diameter of the lacrimal gland artery was (0.89 ± 0.21) mm. The glandular branch of the lacrimal nerve located on the upper part of the lacrimal gland artery in 65.0% samples and the glandular branch of the lacrimal gland artery governed the lacrimal gland with one to two branches in 88.3% samples. Conclusions The origin and course within the orbit of lacrimal gland artery are often varied. Studies of anatomical structure of the lacrimal gland artery can reduce hemorrhage and injury during biopsy or excision of the lacrimal gland. The injury of lacrimal gland artery should be avoided in neurosurgery.
展开▼
