健康儿童超声下股动脉与股静脉间解剖关系的调查

摘要

目的：应用彩超技术观察儿童直腿姿势双侧股静脉（femoral vein，FV）与股动脉（femoralis arteria，FA）间解剖关系，探讨年龄、性别、身长或身高、体重等可能因素对其的影响。方法选取593例健康儿童，在超声下检测双侧腹股沟韧带边缘和韧带下2cm处FA和FV的解剖关系。结果相对于在腹股沟韧带下2cm的位置，FA与FV在腹股沟韧带边缘的重叠率更低（19% vs 71%）。随年龄、身高、体重的增长，在腹股沟韧带边缘FA和FV的重叠率下降，在腹股沟韧带下2cm，FA与FV的重叠率则上升。FA、FV间的重叠关系与性别和体重指数没有关联。结论 FA与FV在腹股沟韧带下2cm的重叠率明显高于腹股沟韧带边缘。FA、FV间的重叠关系受年龄、身长或身高、体重的影响而与性别和体重指数没有关联。%Objective To observe the anatomic relationship of the femoral artery (FA) and femoral vein (FV) in straight leg position of children by ultrasonography (US), and to explore the possible influencing factors, such as age, sex, body length or height, and weight, etc. MethodA total of 593 healthy children were obtained. The FA and FV diameters in two locations (immediately distal and 2 cm distal to the inguinal ligament) in straight leg position were measured and their anatomic relationship was observed by ultrasound examination. ResultAs compared with the overlap rate of FA and FV in the location 2 cm distal to the inguinal ligament, the overlap rate of them in the location immediately distal to the inguinal ligament were shorter significantly (19% vs 71% ). With age, height and weight, at immediately distal to the inguinal ligament, the overlap rate of the FA by FV decreases gradually. At 2cm distal to the inguinal ligament, the overlap rate of the FV by FA increased gradually as age, height and weight. No matter at immediately or 2cm distal to the inguinal ligament, the overlap is not affected by gender and BMI.Conclusion The overlap rate of the FV by FA at 2cm distal to the inguinal ligament is higher than it at immediately distal to the inguinal ligament significantly. The anatomical relationship of the FA and FV are affected by age, height, weight, but not gender or body mass index.