高血压患者的初发病年龄研究

摘要

目的:研究高血压患者的初发病年龄.方法:1 500 例确诊为原发性高血压的患者进行问卷调查,男820 例,女680 例.研究初次确诊为高血压的年龄、家族遗传史、工作性质、食盐程度.结果:1 500 名研究对象初次确诊为高血压的平均年龄为(41.57±9.28) 岁,集中在36～65 岁之间.0～25 岁的高血压初发病年龄段男性多于女性(χ2=7.627;P<0.01).26～35 岁之间的高血压发病人数为100 人,占100/1 500=6.7%.随着年龄的增长,男女发病率由36～45 岁具有统计学差异(χ2=2.472;P<0.05) 到逐渐趋于相等(χ2=1.76;P＞0.05).遗传所占比重为58.4%.遗传与高血压的相关系数r=3.14,P 为0.008.从工作性质与高血压的初次发病年龄无关(P＞0.05).食盐多的易患高血压,相关系数r=2.34,P=0.017.结论:对于有家族遗传史者,从5岁左右就应该对高血压进行预防.对于无家族遗传史者,应该从35 岁左右开始警惕高血压的发生.%Objective: Study the onset of age in hypertension patients.Methods:l 500 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension were given a questionnaire survey,including 820 males and 680 females.The age of initial diagnosis of hypertension,family historythe nature of disease and the salt level were studied.Results:l 500 subjects first diagnosed with hypertension,the average age (41.57 + 9.28) years,concentrated in the (36~65) years old.(0 to 25) years of age,early onset hypertension in men mpre than women,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=7.627;P<0.01).(26 to 35 years) the incidence of hypertension between the number of 100,accounting for 100/1500=6.7%.With age grows,the incidence rate of men and women (36 to 45 years) with a statistically significant difference (χ2=2.472;P<0.05) to gradually become equal (χ2=1.76;P>0.05).Genetic proportion of 58.4%.Genetic correlation with high blood pressure r=3.14,P=0.008.Nature of work and the initial onset of hypertension independent of age was not statistically different(P>0.05). Salt more were susceptible to hypertension,the correlation coefficient r=2.34,P=0.017.Conclusion:For family history,from about 5 years old should be the prevention of hypertension.For those without family history should start from the 35-year-old alert high blood pressure.