目的 评价原发性夜间遗尿症(PNE)患儿的注意/记忆水平,探讨单纯PNE患儿大脑主要投射、联络和连合纤维的扩散张量成像(DTJ)部分各项异性(FA)值与正常对照儿童的差异.资料与方法 12例右利手PNE患儿(试验组)以及12例正常对照组儿童(对照组)采用中国韦氏儿童智力量表( C-WISC)进行智力测试,计算言语智商(VIQ)、操作智商(PIQ)、总智商(FIQ)、记忆/不分心(M/C)因子等,行DTI扫描,采用基于像素的分析方法比较试验组和对照组的FA值.结果 PNE患儿FIQ、VIQ和PIQ均在正常水平,与对照组差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).PNE患儿M/C因子显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).PNE患儿右侧胼周额部深部白质(PCF)、右侧内囊前肢(AIC)和左侧小脑中脚(MCP) FA值显著低于对照组(P＜0.05).结论 原发性夜间遗尿症儿童存在注意、记忆缺陷,右侧PCF、右侧AIC和左侧MCP功能障碍可能与这种功能缺陷有关.%Purpose To assess the memory/attention impairment and explore the difference in FA value of projection, communication and association white mater (WM) in children with primary nocturnal enuresis (PNE) using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) scans. Materials and Methods Twelve right-handed PNE children and twelve age-matched, right-handed, healthy controls were recruited into the study. First, intelligence tests were performed using Chinese Wechslcr Young Children Scales of Intelligence (C-WISC) in PNE children and controls. The full intelligence quotient (FIQ), verbal IQ (VIQ), performance IQ (PIQ) and memory/attention (M/A) factor were measured. After intelligence tests, DTI scans were performed on a 3.0T MR scanner. Voxelwise analysis of the DTI data was performed to reveal possible differences in FA values between two groups. Results The FIQ, VIQ and PIQ in the PNE group were within normal range and did not significantly differ from the control group (P > 0.05). The M/A factor was statistically lower in the PNE group (P < 0.05). PNE children had lower mFA in WM fiber tracts of right PCF, right AIC and left MCP than that of controls (P < 0.05). Conclusion Impairment in memory/attention is detected in PNE children, and the impaired density or reduced myelination of WM fiber tracts of right PCF, right AIC and left MCP may be involved in their memory/ attention deficits.
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