右锁骨下动脉超声联合血脂水平预测冠状动脉粥样硬化

摘要

Purpose To analyze the correlation of right subclavian artery ultrasound and individual blood lipid level with coronary atherosclerosis (CA) using carotid ultrasound as control so as to explore the clinical value of them in predicting CA.Materials and Methods Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and right subclavian arteryeck vessel ultrasound in 55 patients were retrospectively analyzed.Gensini score was used to calculate the degree of coronary artery lesions.According to the result of CCTA,patients were divided into normal group,mild coronary atherosclerosis group,severe coronary artery stenosis group.The intina-media thickness (IMT) at the origin of right subclavian artery and carotid artery bifurcation on ultrasound was measured to evaluate carotid lesions.The correlation between the IMT and Gensini score of coronary artery was analyzed.The blood lipid levels of the 3 groups were analyzed,and the efficacy of right subclavian artery,carotid artery ultrasound and blood lipid in predicting CA was evaluated.Results ① The IMT at right subclavian artery and carotid artery bifurcation were positively correlated with Gensini score,and the former had higher correlation than the latter (r=0.636,r=0.462,P＜0.01);the prediction efficacy of the IMT at right subclavian artery was slightly higher than that at carotid artery bifurcation (with sensitivity and specificity of 78.3％,64.5％,and 77.5％,60.0％ respectively).② Compared with normal control group,the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol,triglycerides,total cholesterol were higher,but the level of highdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was lower in mild coronary atherosclerosis and severe coronary artery stenosis group,and the difference between the severe coronary artery stenosis group and normal groups was bigger,among which the level of triglycerides had the largest difference among the three groups with no statistical significance (P＞0.05).The HDL-C had a more significant correlation with Gensini score than other index of blood lipid (r=-0.151).③ The combination of IMT and HDL-C had a sensitivity of 81.0％ and specificity of 66.7％ in predicting CA,which were higher than that of each individual index (with sensitivity of 78.3％,64.5％ and specificity of 64.3％,55.5％respectively).Conclusion The IMT at right subclavian artery has a better predictive value in determining the degree of coronary artery lesions than that at carotid artery bifurcation.The combined application of blood lipid levels and the IMT at right subclavian artery can improve the sensitivity and specificity of predicting CA.%目的 分析右锁骨下动脉超声改变、血脂水平与冠状动脉粥样硬化(CA)的相关性,探讨其联合应用预测CA的价值.资料与方法 回顾性分析55例行冠状动脉CT血管造影(CCTA)和右锁骨下-颈部血管超声检查的患者.以Gensini积分法计算冠状动脉病变程度,根据CCTA结果将患者分为冠状动脉正常组、轻度冠状动脉粥样硬化组、冠状动脉重度狭窄组;以右锁骨下动脉起始部和颈总动脉分叉处超声下内-中膜厚度(IMT)评估颈部血管病变.对比右锁骨下动脉起始部、颈总动脉分叉处IMT与冠状动脉Gensini积分的相关性,分析3组的血脂水平,评估右锁骨下动脉、颈动脉超声和血脂预测CA的效能.结果 ①右锁骨下动脉起始部IMT、颈总动脉分叉处IMT均与冠状动脉Gensini积分呈正相关,前者相关性更高(r=0.636,P＜0.01;r=0.462,P＜0.01);右锁骨下动脉IMT预测CA的效能略高于颈总动脉分叉处IMT(敏感度和特异度分别为78.3％、64.5％;77.5％、60.0％);②轻度冠状动脉粥样硬化组、冠状动脉重度狭窄组血浆低密度脂蛋白胆固醇、三酰甘油和总胆固醇均高于冠状动脉正常组,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇低于冠状动脉正常组,且冠状动脉重度狭窄组与正常组的差异更明显,3组血浆指标中三酰甘油的差异相对较显著,但差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),高密度脂蛋白胆固醇与冠状动脉Gensini积分的相关性更显著(r=-0.151);③右锁骨下动脉起始部IMT与高密度脂蛋白胆固醇联合应用预测CA的效能显著高于单独预测(敏感度和特异度分别为81.0％,66.7％;78.3％,64.5％;64.5％,55.5％).结论 右锁骨下动脉IMT较颈总动脉分叉处IMT更有利于预测CA,右锁骨下动脉IMT和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇的联合应用可提高预测的敏感度和特异度.