定量磁化率成像的基本原理及方法概述

摘要

定量磁化率成像(quantitative susceptibility mapping, QSM)是磁共振成像(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI)中一项新兴的用于定量测量组织磁化特性的技术。利用定量磁化率成像，可以对组织的铁含量、钙化、血氧饱和度等进行有效的定量分析，对脑出血、多发性硬化症及帕金森综合症等脑神经疾病的研究和诊断也具有重要意义。定量磁化率图像的重建是一个复杂的过程，包括几个不同的步骤，因此其准确性受到很多因素的影响。本文主要概述定量磁化率成像的基本原理和重建流程，并对重建过程中每个步骤的主要方法进行介绍。同时，也将对当前定量磁化率成像的几种主要临床应用进行介绍。%Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) has become a promising magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for quantifying underlying magnetic properties of tissues. It provides an effective way to quantify and analyze tissue iron deposits, calcification and vessel oxygen saturation. It is also valuable in the investigation of cerebral hemorrhage, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson disease and other neurological diseases. The reconstruction of susceptibility map is a challenge work, which consists of several steps and the accuracy of susceptibility map depends on many factors. In this work, we will review the principles of quantitative susceptibility mapping and the procedure of susceptibility map reconstruction. The major methods in every step of susceptibility map reconstruction will be introduced. We will also present several major applications of QSM in clinic.