免疫荧光染色法检测结核分支杆菌的建立与临床应用

摘要

目的：建立免疫荧光染色法特异性检测结核分支杆菌，提高痰涂片阴性肺结核患者的诊断率。方法随机选取浸润型肺结核患者57例作为实验组，其中痰涂片抗酸染色阳性患者28例，痰涂片阴性患者29例；对照组13例，为呼吸道其它细菌感染者。受检者晨起留取痰液，高温高压后与标本等量的5％次氯酸钠溶液混合，离心后分别行直接涂片抗酸染色检查或免疫荧光染色法检查。结果57例浸润型肺结核患者中，28例痰涂片抗酸染色检查阳性，免疫荧光染色法检测仍阳性；在29例痰涂片阴性肺结核患者中，免疫荧光染色法检测15例阳性。13例呼吸道其他细菌感染者者经免疫荧光染色法检测与抗酸染色均为阴性。结论免疫荧光染色法检测结核分枝杆菌具有特异性，显著提高痰菌阴性肺结核的诊断率。%Objective To establish a method of immunofluorescence assay to detect acid-fast bacilli,and to improve the diagnostic rate of sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients.Methods 57 infiltrative pulmonary tuberculosis patients were collected,and the control group was 13 patients with bacterial pneumonia.Direct sputum smear acid-fast staining or immunofluorescence assay was adapted.Results 28 sputum-positive pulmonary tuberculosis patients used acid-fast staining were all positive to immunofluorescence assay.15 of 29(15/29)sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculo-sis patients used acid-fast staining were positive to immunofluorescence assay.13 patients with bacterial pneumonia pa-tients were all negative to immunofluorescence assay.Conclusion Immunofluorescence assay with specificity signifi-cantly improved the diagnostic rate of sputum-negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients.