Objective:To observe the curative effect of Xueniaoling Granule in the treatment on renal hematuria with defi-ciency of both Qi and yin type,and to explore the mechanism of it. Methods:68 cases of deficiency of both qi and Yin type renal he-maturia patients,randomly divided into treatment group 33 cases and control group with 35 cases. The treatment group was treated with Xueniaoling granule orally on the basis of conventional treatment,the control group was given Shenyankangfu tablets. The course of treatments was 8 weeks. Two groups of patients were detected erythrocyte count in urine,24 hours urine protein,immunoglobulin A (IgA)and complement C3 before and after treatment,were recorded TCM syndrome integral,were evaluated comprehensive clinical efficacy. Results:After 8 weeks,the treatment group of TCM syndrome total score decreased significantly,there was significant differ-ence compared with before treatment(P ﹤ 0. 01),but the control group had no statistical significance. In the treatment group,both erythrocyte count in urine and IgA decreased significantly after treatment(P ﹤ 0. 01). The complement C3 increased significantly, with statistical significance too(P ﹤ 0. 01). In the control group,both erythrocyte count in urine and 24 hours urine protein decreased significantly after treatment(P ﹤ 0. 01). There was statistical significance of erythrocyte count in urine,the complement C3 and IgA between the two groups after treatment. There was statistical significance between the two groups comparisonthe with clinical compre-hensive curative effect,which the total effective rate of the treatment group was 87. 88% ,the control group was 68. 57%(P ﹤ 0. 05). Conclusion:Xueniaoling granule may regulate immune balance through decreasing the levels of IgA,increasing the levels of comple-ment C3 . So it can achieve effective treatment of renal hematuria. Xueniaoling granule is an effective traditional Chinese medicine preparation for treating renal hematuria. It is worth further promotion and application.%目的：观察血尿灵颗粒治疗气阴两虚型肾性血尿的疗效，并进行机制探讨。方法：68例气阴两虚型肾性血尿患者，随机分为治疗组33例和对照组35例，治疗组在常规治疗基础上加用血尿灵颗粒口服，对照组在常规治疗基础上加用肾炎康复片口服，疗程均为8周。分别检测两组患者治疗前后尿沉渣红细胞计数、24 h 尿蛋白定量、免疫球蛋白 A（IgA）及补体 C3，记录治疗前后中医证候积分，分别进行临床综合疗效评定。结果：8周后，治疗组中医证候总积分显著下降，与治疗前比较差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0．01），对照组治疗前后中医证候总积分差异无统计学意义；治疗组组内比较，尿沉渣红细胞计数、IgA 显著下降，差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0．01），补体 C3显著上升，差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0．01）；对照组组内比较，尿沉渣红细胞计数明显降低（P ﹤0．05）、尿蛋白定量显著减少（P ﹤0．01）；治疗组与对照组治疗后组间比较，尿沉渣红细胞计数、C3、IgA 差异有统计学意义。临床综合疗效方面，治疗组总有效率87．88%，对照组总有效率68．57%，二者比较差异有统计学意义（P ﹤0．05）。结论：血尿灵颗粒可能是通过降低 IgA、升高补体 C3水平，调节免疫平衡，从而达到对肾性血尿的控制。血尿灵颗粒是治疗肾性血尿的有效中医药制剂，值得进一步推广应用。
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