HIV 感染者皮肤黏膜表现的回顾性临床分析

摘要

Objectives:To retrospectively analyze the mucocutaneous manifestations of HIV -infected per-sons,in order to provide a favorable basis for the diagnosis of clinical HIV -infected persons.Methods:1 00 HIV-infected patients in two hospitals from December 201 1 to December were retrospectively analyzed,to study their general and clinical data.Results:In the 1 00 cases,mucocutaneous manifestations were found in 68 patients (68.0%),including male patients (65 cases,95.6%)and female patients (3 cases,4.4%);most patients aged 20 to 50 years old;35 cases (51 .4%)were unmarried persons;25 cases (36.8%)were farmers;61 cases (89.7%)were infected through sexual contact.Compared with the group without mucocutaneous manifestations, CD4 + cell count less than 50 /μI who had damage to the skin and mucous membrane ratio of the number of more than 200 /μI were significantly improved,namely the skin and mucous membrane damage was statistically correla-ted with low CD4 + cell (P <0.05);patients demonstrating defined HIV disease in the group with mucocutaneous manifestations were significantly more than the non -mucocutaneous manifestations group,with statistically signifi-cant difference (P <0.05);the 1 00 cases with skin and mucosal damage involved 4 species of infection,mainly fungal infections (24 cases,35.3%);viral infection (1 3 cases,1 2.9%);other skin diseases (1 8 patients, 26.5%);combining two kinds or above mucocutaneous disease (1 3 cases,1 9.1 %).Conclusion:HIV -infected skin and mucous membrane lesions are mainly caused by fungal infection,and sexual transmission is an important way of HIV infection.The frequent skin and mucosal lesions combined clinical diagnosis of sexually transmitted in-fections can be used in the diagnosis of HIV infection.%目的：对 HIV 感染者皮肤黏膜表现展开回顾性临床分析，旨在为临床 HIV 感染者的临床表现与诊断提供有利依据。方法：对2011年12月至2013年12月期间两家医院收治的100例 HIV 感染者表现进行回顾性分析，并研究其一般资料与临床资料。结果：100例研究对象中，有皮肤黏膜表现患者68例（68.0％），其中男性65例（95.6％），女性3例（4.4％）；大部分患者年龄20～50岁；未婚人数超过患者总人数一半35例，（51.4％）；患者职业以农民为主，25例（36.8％）；性接触传播61例（89.7％）；有皮肤黏膜表现组相比于无皮肤黏膜表现组，CD4＋细胞不足50个／μI 者有皮肤黏膜损害的例数对比例数超过200个／μI 者显著提升，即皮肤黏膜损害与低 CD4＋细胞间存在统计学相关性（P ＜0.05）；有皮肤黏膜表现组出现艾滋定义性疾病患者例数显著高于无皮肤黏膜表现组，数据差异具有统计学意义（P ＜0.05）；100例感染者的皮肤黏膜损害涉及4个种类，主要为真菌感染，合计24例（35.3％）；病毒感染，合计13例（12.9％）；呈现出其他皮肤病者，合计18例（26.5％）；合并2种（含2种）以上皮肤黏膜疾病者，合计13例（19.1％）。结论：HIV感染者皮肤黏膜损害多见为真菌、感染，性传播途径为 HIV 感染重要途径之一，频发的皮肤黏膜病变以及合并性病感染可作为临床诊断 HIV 感染的重要依据。