Objective To investigate the average serum level and risk factors of serum cystatin C in Chinese healthy adults.Methods A total of 15 918 healthy adults who received health assessments in Peking Union Medical College Hospital during January 2012 and March 2013 were enrolled in this crosssection study.Serum cystatin C was measured.Estimated glomerular filtration rate was calculated by creatinine (eGFRcr).Multivariable linear regression analysis was used to assess factors that contribute to cystatin C variability.Results The mean serum cystatin C level was (0.79 ±0.14) mg/L (95％ reference interval (RI) was 0.56-1.08 mg/L).Male showed significantly higher cystatin C level than female (mean (0.84 ±0.13) vs (0.73 ±0.13) mg/L; RI 0.64-1.11 mg/L and 0.54-1.03 mg/L,respectively; P=0.000).Differences between genders are still significant after subgrouped by age.In the young-age group (age≤44 years old),the mean serum cystatin C level was (0.81 ±0.11)mg/L in male and (0.68 ±0.09)mg/L in female,P =0.000.In the middle-age group (45-59 years old),the mean cystatin C level was (0.85 ±0.12) mg/L in male and (0.75 ±0.12) mg/L in female,P =0.000.In the elderly group (≥60 yrs),the mean serum cystatin C level was (0.97 ±0.18) mg/L in male and (0.89 ±0.19) mg/L in female,P =0.000.Serum cystain C was increased with ages (in male:r =0.274,P =0.000 ; in femal,r =0.470,P =0.000).Differences between each two age groups are all significant for both gender,P =0.000.Cystatin C level in male is respectively (0.81 ±0.ll)mg/L,(0.85 ±0.12) mg/L and (0.97 ± 0.18) mg/L in the young-age,middle-age and elderly group.Cystatin C level in female is respectively (0.68 ±0.09) mg/L,(0.75 ±0.12) mg/L and (0.89 ±0.19) mg/L in the young-age,middle-age and elderly group.Male gender,older age,lower body weight,lower eGFRcr,lower high-density lipoprotein cholesterol,lower fasting blood glucose,increased mean blood pressure,higher body mass index and triglyceride were significantly associated with increased serum cystatin C level.Body weight,total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were not risk factors of cystatin C.Conclusion Serum cystatin C level may be influenced by gender,age and other factors in Chinese healthy adults.%目的 探讨胱抑素C在健康成年人群中的分布水平及其相关因素.方法 本研究为横断面研究,对2012年1月至2013年3月在北京协和医院体检的15 918名健康成年人,行血胱抑素C检测,统计其分布情况及与年龄、性别的关系.用线性回归法分析影响胱抑素C水平的相关因素.结果胱抑素C平均值(0.79±0.14) mg/L,95％可信区间为(0.56 ～ 1.08) mg/L.男性胱抑素C平均值(0.84 ±0.13)mg/L,高于女性平均值(0.73±0.13) mg/L.随年龄增长胱抑素C升高,男性r=0.274,P=0.000,女性r=0.470,P=0.000.对年龄进行分组后,三个年龄组内男性胱抑素C均高于女性:青年组(≤44岁)男性(0.81±0.11)mg/L(n=4289),女性(0.68±0.09) mg/L(n=3537),(P=0.000)；中年组(45 ～59岁)男性(0.85±0.12) mg/L (n =3921),女性(0.75 ±0.12) mg/L(n =2858),(P =0.000)；老年组(≥60岁)男性(0.97 ±0.18) mg/L (n=693),女性(0.89±0.19) mg/L(n=620),(P=0.000).男性胱抑素C水平在青年组为(0.81 ±0.11) mg/L,中年组(0.85±0.12) mg/L,老年组(0.97±0.18) mg/L,各年龄组之间差异有统计学意义(P=0.000).女性胱抑素C水平在青年组为(0.68±0.09) mg/L,中年组(0.75±0.12) mg/L,老年组(0.89±0.19) mg/L,各年龄组之间差异有统计学意义(P =0.000).胱抑素C与相关因素的线性回归分析:结果显示低肌酐估计肾小球滤过率、男性、年龄增长、低水平高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、高平均动脉压、低空腹血糖水平、低体重、高三酰甘油、高BMI是高胱抑素C水平的危险因素,而身高、总胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇不是独立的危险因素.结论 健康成年人胱抑素C水平在不同性别、年龄中的分布不同,胱抑素C水平不仅受个体一般情况影响,还与生化指标三酰甘油、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇和空腹血糖相关.
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