住院老年痴呆患者跌倒发生情况及危险因素分析

摘要

目的 调查住院老年痴呆患者跌倒情况并探讨跌倒的危险因素.方法 选取重庆医科大学附属第一医院老年科住院的121例老年痴呆患者为研究对象,调查其跌倒情况；并将研究对象按跌倒和未跌倒分为两组,分别给予简易智能状态量表( MMSE)、临床痴呆量表(CDR)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、神经精神科问卷(NPI)及统一帕金森病量表(UPDRS)运动评分.以Logistic回归模型分析各种危险因素与跌倒之间的关系.结果 住院老年痴呆患者跌倒发生率为35.5％,NPI和UPDRS在跌倒组及未跌倒组中差异有统计学意义,Logistic回归分析显示精神行为异常、运动障碍和跌倒密切相关.结论 老年痴呆患者更易发生跌倒,运动障碍、精神行为异常是跌倒发生最为危险的因素,对这类人群应该采取一系列针对性的预防措施.%Objective To investigate the incidence of fall and related risk factors among patients with dementia. Methods 121 dementia patients were divided into fall and no fall groups to compare the scores of MMSE, CDR, ADL, NPI and UPDRS were compared between the two groups. The relationship between fall and their risk factors were analyzed by logistic regression model. Results Falling rate in patients with dementia was 35. 5% ,the NPI and UPDRS scores were higher in fall group than those in no fall group. Multivariate analysis showed that dyskinesia and behavior disorders were significantly associated with fall. Conclusions Patients with dementia are more likely to fall. Dyskinesia and behavior disorders are related to fall in patients with dementia and preventive measures should be taken in these patients.