Objective To investigate the correlation between body composition and lipids in middle -aged and elderly population of Hui nationality.Methods 583 Hui nationality adults above 45 years old were randomly selected (257 male, 326 female).The body compo-sition was detected by the body composition analyze , and the levels of lipids were detected .Results The parameters of male Hui nationality adults include body weight, muscle mass, bone mass and body fluid were higher, and the body fat was lower(P<0.001).The levels of TC, TG, HDL-C of female were higher(P<0.05).The prevalence rates of dyslipidemia, hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia in female was higher(P<0.05).The prevalence rate of low high-density lipoprotein in male was higher .According to BMI, the prevalence rate of dyslipi-demia, hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, high low-density lipoprotein in ≥28 kg/m 2 , 24.0 ~27.9 kg/m 2 , ≤23.9 kg/m 2 groups had significant differences (P<0.05).The body composition including body fat , muscle mass, bone mass and body fluid had correlation with TC, HDL-C, LDL-C.While, only body fat had correlation with TG.In multiple linear regression, body fat and muscle mass had correlation with TC, body fat, muscle mass and body fluid had correlation with HDL -C.Only body fat had correlation with TG and LDL -C.Conclusions In middle-aged and elderly population of Hui nationality , many body composition are associated with the levels of lipids .The body fat may be the main factor influencing the levels of lipids .%目的：探讨回族中老年人群体成分对血脂的影响。方法在知情同意的前提下，随机抽取南阳市45岁以上回族世居居民作为研究对象，共选取583人（男257人，女326人）。采用体成分分析仪检测受试者的体成分，同时抽血化验血脂指标。结果（1）回族中老年人群中，男性体重、肌肉量、骨矿物质含量和体液量均高于女性，体脂量低于女性（ P 均＜0．001）；女性血清总胆固醇（ TC）、甘油三酯（ TG）、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL－C）水平高于男性（P 均＜0．05），女性血脂异常、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症的检出率较高（P 均＜0．05），男性低高密度脂蛋白血症检出率较高（P ＝0．001），而 LDL－C 无性别间差异。（2）按 BMI≥28 kg ／m2、24．0～27．9 kg／m2、≤23．9 kg ／m2分组，血脂异常、高胆固醇血症、高甘油三酯血症、高低密度脂蛋白血症的检出率在3组间均有统计学差异（P 均＜0．05）。（3）Pearson 相关分析发现体脂量、肌肉量、骨矿物质含量和体液量与 TC、HDL－C、LDL－C 均存在线性相关（P 均＜0．05），与 TG 存在相关的只有体脂量（ P 均＜0．05）。多元线性回归分析显示体脂量、肌肉量进入 TC 回归模型，体脂量、肌肉量、体液量进入 HDL－C 回归模型，只有体脂量同时进入 TG 回归模型和 LDL－C 回归模型。结论回族中老年人群多种体成分与血脂水平均有相关性，体脂量可能对血脂影响最大。
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