目的 了解老年人认知功能的主要影响因素,为保护老年人认知功能提供相应的干预措施.方法 采用横断面调查,对22个省选取一半的县、市中所有自愿参与调查的老年人进行人户访问.对2002年中国老年人健康长寿调查中的6819名老年人,采用简易精神状态检查(MMSE)修改量表进行调查,并按认知功能健全和不健全进行x2检验和非条件Logistic回归分析.结果 男性认知功能健全率为85.0%,女性80.4%,其中60～69岁97.7%,70～79岁94.8%,80～89岁85.0%,90～99岁71.1%,100～111岁55.7%.不同性别、年龄、受教育程度、出生地、婚姻状况、居住状况,过去是否吸烟、是否饮酒、是否进行体育锻炼,自评生活满意度、不同乐观心理和健康状况者的认知功能比较,差异有统计学意义(均为P＜0.01).非条件Logistic回归分析,年龄、受教育程度、婚姻状况、体育锻炼和乐观心理对认知功能有影响.结论 增龄、丧偶是影响老年人认知功能的危险因素,而受教育程度高、经常进行身体锻炼和乐观心理是老年人认知功能的保护因素.%Objective To explore the main influence factors of ederly people's cognitive function and provide the countermeasures. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in the elderly volunteers who were sampled from halves of the counties of 22 provinces in China.Modified minimental state examination(MMSE)scale was adopted to investigate the 6819 Chinese elderly people who were investigated in the Chinese elderly health questionnaire in 2002.Simple Chi-square test and multiple logistic regressions were applied in the analysis. Results The results showed that the perfect rate of cognition function was 85.0%in male,and 80.43%in female.The rate was 97.7%in people at age of 60-69 years,94.8%,70-79 years,85.0%,80-89 years,71.11%,90-99 years,55.7%,100-111 years,94.8%.There existed significant cognitive function differences in gender,age,education,born place,marital status,1iving status,smoking history,drinking history,physical exercise,self-satisfaction with life,affective state and healthy status(all P＜0.01).Non-conditional logistic regression analysis showed that influence factors of cognitive function of the elderly were age,education level,marital status,physical exercise and optimistic state. Conclusions The risk factors for cognitive function are aging and widowhood.Higher education,regular physical exercise,optimistic state are protective factors for cognitive function.
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