他汀类药物在高龄高脂血症患者中应用的疗效及安全性

摘要

目的 通过观察80岁及以上高龄高脂血症患者服用他汀类药物的治疗效果和安全性,为他汀类药物的合理应用提供临床依据. 方法 选择年龄≥80岁的高血脂患者224例.其中服用他汀类药物者107例为他汀组,未服用他汀类药物者117例为对照组,收集两组患者相关病史及肝肾功能、血脂、血糖、肌酸激酶指标. 结果 治疗前总胆固醇(4.6±1.0) mmol/L,治疗后(4.3±0.9)mmol/L.治疗前低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)(2.6±0.8) mmol/L,治疗后(2.4±0.6)mmol/L.他汀组治疗1年后总胆固醇、LDL-C下降(t=3.535、3.448,均P＜0.05).极高危患者LDL-C＜2.0 mmol/L达标率35.5％.治疗前丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)(20.2±9.2) U/L,治疗后(21.4±12.1)U/L;治疗前肌酸激酶(86.5±53.9) U/L,治疗后(86.6±67.5) U/L;治疗前肌酐清除率(EGFR) (53.1±17.3)ml/min,治疗后(51.9±18.0)ml/min;与1年前比较均差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).治疗前空腹血糖(5.9±1.0)mmol/L,治疗后(6.0±1.0) mmol/L,较1年前升高(t=2.287,P=0.024).他汀组与对照组比较ALT、肌酸激酶、EGFR均差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05). 结论 他汀类药物用于高龄血脂异常患者是安全、有效的.应当正确看待药物的不良反应,鼓励坚持服药,密切监测安全性指标.%Objective To observe efficacy and safety of long-term Statins treatment in elderly patients aged over 80 years,and to provide clinical evidence for the rational use of Statins.Methods 224 patients aged 80 years and over were divided into two groups:Statin group given Statins (n=107),and control group not given Statin (n=117).The serum levels of total cholesterol (TC),lowdensity lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and triglyceride (TG) were measured,and liver and renal function,alanine aminotransferase (ALT),creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were tested.Results Pretreatment levels of TC and LDL-C levels were (4.6 ± 1.0) and (2.6 ± 0.8) mmol/L and were decreased to (4.3±0.9) and (2.4±0.6) mmol/L after 1 year treatment (t=3.535,3.448,both P＜0.05).The target rate in statin group for LDL C was 35.5 ％ in patients at very high risk.There were no significant differences in levels of ALT,CK and eGFR between pre-and post-treatment in both two groups [(20.2±9.2) U/L vs.(21.4±12.1) U/L,(86.5±53.9) U/L vs.(86.6±67.5) U/Land (53.1±17.3) ml/min vs.(51.9±18.0) ml/min,all P＞0.05].Compared with pre-treatment,1 year treatment showed that glucose level was increased [(5.9± 1.0) mmol/L vs.(6.0± 1.0) mmol/L,t=2.287,P＜0.05].Conclusions Long-term Statin treatment in elderly patients is safe and effective.We should correctly administer statin drugs,and closely monitor the safety indicators.