Objective To explore the characteristics of clinical features,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis in acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) patients.Methods We described an 80-year-old woman who was diagnosed with AFOP and got better after treatment with glucocorticoids.Clinical data of 51 patients which have been published in literatures in China and abroad were retrospectively analyzed.The differences in characteristics of clinical features were compared between the elderly and non-elderly patients.Results The case reported herein,who was a 80-year-old female with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA),presented with fever,dry cough and progressive dyspnea.Chest CT scan showed bilateral multiple patchy consolidation.CT-guided needle aspiration was performed and the pathological examination finding was consistent with AFOP.The patient was treated with oral methylprednisolone and experienced a significant improvement in symptoms and imaging manifestations.But she presented with deterioration with relapsing clinical symptoms when she discontinued corticosteroid treatment by herself,and the clinical symptoms were improved by retreatment.Clinical data of 51 reported cases with AFOP including 27 males and 24 females aged 38 d to 80 years were enrolled and analyzed in the study.Patients aged 60 years and over accounted for 47.1％ (24 cases).No risk or predisposing factor was found in most of cases.Autoimmune diseases were the most common combined diseases in AFOP patients.The top three symptoms were dyspnea (80.4％,41 cases),cough (64.7％,33 cases) and fever (52.9％,27 cases).The incidence of dyspnea was lower in elderly patients than in non-elderly patients [66.7％ (16/24) vs.92.6％ (25/27),P＜0.05],and ground glass opacity in the chest image was also less in elderly patients than in non-elderly patients (P＜0.05).15 patients (29.4％) got definitive diagnosis by minimally invasive procedures including percutaneous lung puncture biopsy or transbronchial lung biopsy.Corticosteroids were the main drug treatment,and 39 cases (76.5 ％) received antibacterial drugs.The mortality rate of AFOP was 37.3％ (15 cases).The average time from symptom onset to final diagnosis was shorter in dead cases than in recovered patients (19 days vs.40 days,P＜0.05).The rate of using mechanical ventilation was higher in dead cases than in recovered patients [57.9 ％ (11/19) vs.9.4％ (3/32),P＜0.05].Conclusions There are no specific clinical and imaging features in AFOP,which is easily misdiagnosed as infectious diseases.AFOP is more common in elderly patients.Dyspnea and other symptoms can easily be ignored,and minimally invasive biopsy and pathological examination findings is helpful for diagnosis.The mortality rate of AFOP is high,and insufficient course of therapy is associated with the increased risk of AFOP relapse.Rapid progression of disease and the invasive mechanical ventilation predispose poor outcomes.%目的 分析急性纤维素性机化性肺炎(AFOP)患者的临床特征、诊断、治疗及转归.方法 报道1例病理诊断AFOP、经糖皮质激素(激素)治疗后好转的80岁患者,回顾分析国内外已报道的51例患者的临床资料,比较老年和非老年患者临床表现的差异. 结果 患者女性,既往患成人隐匿性自身免疫糖尿病,表现为发热、咳嗽、活动后气短,胸部CT示双肺多发实变影,CT引导下经皮肺穿刺活检确诊AFOP;口服激素治疗后病情好转,激素减量过程中复发,经治疗再次好转稳定.联合本例共纳入51例进行分析,男性27例,女性24例,年龄出生38 d至80岁,60岁及以上的老年人24例(47.1％).多数患者无明确诱发因素,合并免疫系统疾病最常见.常见症状的前三位为呼吸困难41例(80.4％)、咳嗽33例(64.7％)和发热27例(52.9％).老年患者出现呼吸困难少于非老年患者,66.7％(16/24)比92.6％(25/27),差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05),胸部影像出现磨玻璃影表现者也较少(P＜0.05).15例(29.4％)患者经皮肺穿刺或经支气管镜肺活检等微创手段确诊.治疗主要应用激素,39侧(76.5％)治疗中应用抗菌药物.AFOP的病死率为37.3％(15例);死亡患者从发病到确诊的时间平均19 d,好转患者40 d(P＜0.05);死亡患者应用有创机械通气57.9％(11/19),好转为9.4％(3/32),P＜0.05. 结论 AFOP的临床、影像表现缺乏特异性,易误诊为感染性疾病.老年人是AFOP的相对高发人群,呼吸困难等症状易被忽视,微创活检手段有助于确诊.AFOP病死率较高,激素治疗时间不足易导致疾病复发,疾病迅速进展和需应用有创机械通气提示预后不良.
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