青藏高原多年冻土区冻害类型及防治

摘要

文中从青藏高原的多年冻土出发,对高原多年冻土的分布及变化规律进行了概括论述。多年冻土的下界高度随纬度增高而降低的规律十分明显,平均每增高纬度1°,冻土下界降低80～100m,年平均地温增加0.9℃～1℃。多年冻土的厚度随海拔增高而增厚的垂直分带规律也很强,大约海拔每升高100m,冻土厚度增加15～20m,最大揭露多年冻土厚度为128.09m。同时对多年冻土区的冻害类型进行划分,对其比较常见和典型的主要灾害特征进行归类;并提出防治措施和建议。%Studying of the permafrost region in Tibetan plateau,this article conclude the regularity of Plateau permafrost areas＇ distribution and change for years.The lower bound of permafrost decrease as the latitude increase.The permafrost decrease 80-100m averagly and the mean geotemperature increase 0.9-1℃ as the latitude increase 1℃ averagly.The regularity that the thickness of permafrost increase as the altitude increase is also obvious.The thickness increase 15-20m as the altitude increase 100m,the thickness can even be 128.1m in exposure.The article also divide the types of frozen hazards of years＇ permafrost,classify the common and typical hazard,also propose the method and recommendation of prevention.