不同康复训练模式对冠状动脉搭桥术后早期康复效果及生存质量影响分析

摘要

目的 探讨不同康复训练模式对冠状动脉搭桥患者术后早期康复效果及生存质量的影响.方法 选择2016年1月至2016年12月本院心外科收治的行冠状动脉搭桥术治疗的患者110例为研究对象.按照随机数表法将所有患者分为研究组和对照组,每组各55例.所有患者均于冠状动脉搭桥术后进行康复训练,出院后研究组患者采用门诊康复训练模式,对照组患者采用家庭康复训练模式.两组患者康复训练内容、频率、强度等均保持一致.康复训练3个月后,采用心脏彩色多普勒超声检查患者的左心室射血分数(left ventricular ejection fractions,LVEF)、左心室收缩期末内径(left ventricular systolic end diameter,LVESD)、二尖瓣舒张期E峰与A峰比值(E/A)、舒张早期二尖瓣前叶与室间隔之间的距离(E-point of septlal separation,EPSS)等心功能指标;采用简明健康问卷评价患者的健康水平,采用西雅图心绞痛量表评价患者的生存质量.结果 康复训练3个月后,研究组患者的LVEF、E/A,总体健康、生理功能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、活力评分及心绞痛稳定状态、心绞痛发作情况、躯体受限程度、治疗满意度、疾病认识程度评分均显著高于对照组(P<0.05), LVESD、EPSS均显著小于对照组(P<0.05).结论 不同康复训练模式均能有效改善冠状动脉搭桥术后患者的心功能,显著提高其生存质量;但门诊康复训练模式效果更显著,不仅可根据运动功能指导患者合理进行康复训练,还能改善患者的社会功能和心理状态,指导其早日回归社会.%Objective To investigate the effect of different rehabilitation training modes on the early rehabilitation and quality of life in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Method From January 2016 to December 2016, 110 patients with coronary artery bypass grafting treated in our hospital were selected, they were divided into study group and control group by random number method, 55 cases in each group, all patients were trained after coronary artery bypass grafting. After discharge, study group patients were treated by outpatient rehabilitation training, control group patients were treated by family mode to continue rehabilitation training, two groups with rehabilitation training content, frequency and intensity were consistented, after 3 months, left ventricular ejection fractions (LVEF), left ventricular systolic end diameter (LVES), E/A, E-point of septlal separation (EPSS) in patients with left ventricular ejection fraction by echocardiography were determined; at the same time, the short form of 36 (SF-36) was used to evaluate the health level of patients, and the Seattle angina questionnaire (SAQ) was used to evaluate the life quality of patients. Result After 3 months of rehabilitation training, the LVEF and E/A, the total health, physiological function, somatic pain, social function, and vitality scores, the stable angina, angina pectoris, physical limitation, treatment satisfaction, disease awareness scores in the study group were significantly higher than control group (P<0.05), LVESD and EPSS levels were significantly lower than control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Different rehabilitation training can effectively improve the cardiac function of the patients after coronary artery bypass grafting, significantly improve the quality of life of patients, but the effect of outpatient rehabilitation training mode is more significant, not only can guide the patients to carry out rehabilitation training reasonably according to their sports function, but also improve their social function and mental state, and guide them to return to society at an early date.