青海省已婚育龄妇女避孕节育措施现状分析

摘要

Objective: To explore the application and the trend of variation of contraception measures among married women at repreductive age in Qinghai Province, and to provide scientific hasis for informed choices of contraception methods. Methods:Statistical reports of contraception methods of married women at reproductive age in Qinghai Province between 2000 and 2009 were used for analyses. Results: From 2000 to 2009, the constituent ratios of the use of tubal ligation, vasoligation, oral and injection contraceptive experienced a progressive decrease, and the rates of the use of intrauterine device, condom and subeutaneens implant showed a progressive increase. The constituent ratios of the use of external medicine and other contracoption methods unchanged during these ten years. More women less than 34 years old used IUD. And constituent ratios experienced a progressive decrease with age, while more and more women chose tubal ligation. More women at the age of 20 - 24 used condom or no contraceptive use, and constituent ratios experienced a progressive decrease with age. Constituent ratios of other contraceptive methods, such as subcutaneous implant, external medicine, oral contraceptive, injection contraceptive and so on were not obviously correlative to ages of these women. Conclusion: The proportion of contraceptive method use has relative with characteristics of women. The use of irreversible and long - term contraceptive methods reduces year by year, while the use of reversible contraceptive methods increases yearly. So contraceptive methods have a diversified development, and the informed choice is still only half done.%目的:了解青海省已婚育龄妇女节育措施使用情况及变化趋势,为进一步做好避孕节育措施知情选择工作提供科学依据.方法:根据2000～2009年青海省已婚育龄妇女避孕节育措施统计报表数据进行分析.结果:2000～2009年,使用输卵管结扎、输精管结扎和避孕药(口服、注射)的构成比呈逐年递减趋势;使用宫内节育器、避孕套、皮下埋植荆的构成比呈逐年递增趋势;外用药及其他避孕方法的构成比与年度无明显关系.在不同年龄组妇女中,34岁以下妇女采用宫内节育器比例最高,以后随着年龄的增长其构成比逐渐降低,而输卵管结扎构成比逐渐增高;采用避孕套或不采取任何避孕措施的比例以20～24岁年龄段最高,随着年龄的增长逐渐减少.皮下埋植剂、外用药、口服避孕药、避孕针剂等措施的构成比与育龄妇女的年龄未见明显关系.结论:避孕节育措施使用比例与人群特征有关,不可逆性长效避孕措施的使用逐年减少,可复性避孕措施的使用逐年增加,避孕方法正向多样化发展,避孕措施知情选择工作仍任重道远.