体外培养组织工程细胞膜片重建眼表研究进展

摘要

角膜缘干细胞是角膜上皮细胞再生的来源,是维持眼表稳态的关键.近年来,随着对成体干细胞认识的加深以及组织工程、生物材料及细胞培养技术的发展,体外培养的细胞膜片移植,包括角膜缘和口腔黏膜上皮细胞膜片移植进行眼表重建的基础研究获得了一定的进展,在临床应用中也得到了较好的治疗效果,但对眼表重建的临床效果和移植细胞的体内转归方面仍无定性的结论.本文主要对利用组织工程技术构建的自体或异体角膜缘上皮细胞、口腔黏膜上皮细胞膜片移植重建眼表的基础研究进展、临床应用情况及移植细胞体内转归的进展进行介绍和比较,以期为该领域的研究提供有益的探索方向.%Limbal stem cells (LSCs),the source of corneal epithelial cells,play an important role in the ocular surface. In recent years, with the development of somatic stem cell application and tissue engineering, biomaterials and cell culture technology,progress has been made on the basic researches and clinical applications of ocular surface reconstruction with ex vivo cultured limbal epithelial and oral mucosal epithelial cell sheet transplantation. However, there are several issues, including the successful clinical outcomes for ocular surface reconstruction,and the in vivo tracking of donor stem cells,remained indefinitive. This article introduced and compared recent advancements of tissue engineering techniques ex vivo cultured autologous or allogeneic limbal,oral mucosal epithelial cells in ocular surface reconstruction,so as to provide a useful direction for the future research of ocular surface reconstruction.