背景 特发性黄斑前膜(IMEM)发病率高,严重影响患眼的视功能,玻璃体切割术是其治疗的主要方法,但关于其术后视力预测的研究较少. 目的 对IMEM进行玻璃体切割联合膜剥除手术患眼的临床资料进行分析,评价IMEM患者手术前后光学相干断层扫描(OCT)测量的黄斑中心凹厚度(CFT)变化与术后视力改善的关系.方法 采用回顾性研究方法,收集2009年3月至2013年5月在北京大学人民医院确诊为IMEM且行玻璃体切割手术、并完成随访的病例48例49眼的临床资料.患者依据术前OCT图像中视网膜色素上皮(RPE)层、视网膜光感受器内节/外节(IS/OS)及外界膜(ELM)层反光条带是否完整分为完整组(17例18眼)及不完整组(31例31眼),记录患眼手术前OCT测量的CFT值和LogMAR视力,并与术后12周的结果进行比较,分析术眼手术前后CFT值变化与视力改善程度的关系,评价术前OCT测量的CFT值在预测术眼术后视力改善程度方面的应用价值. 结果 术后12周,完整组18眼的OCT图像显示RPE层、IS/OS层及ELM层均仍完整,而不完整组OCT图像RPE层反光条带不连续者由术前的6眼减少到1眼,IS/OS层反光条带不连续者由术前的29眼减少到19眼,ELM层反光条带不连续者由术前的27眼减少到15眼(各层的不连续眼数有重复).术眼视力的增加值随着CFT值的减少而增加,二者间呈显著负相关(R2 =0.298,B=0.001,P=0.000),CFT每减少100 μm,术后LogMAR视力提高1行.完整组患眼术前平均LogMAR最佳矫正视力(BCVA)为0.4±0.19,术后为0.36±0.21,差异无统计学意义(t=0.876,P=0.393).不完整组术前平均logMAR BCVA为0.82±0.41,术后为0.46±0.26,差异有统计学意义(t=6.206,P=0.000).不完整组患眼术后视力的改善程度为0.3,优于完整组的0.0. 结论 IMEM术眼手术前后OCT测量视网膜外层结构的连续性及CFT的变化均与患眼视力改善的程度明显相关,术前视网膜外层结构连续者术后预后较好,而术前视网膜外节结构不连续者术后多数可以得到明显改善,包括结构和视力.术前OCT检查在评价IMEM患者术后视力预后方面有一定价值.%Background Idiopathic macular epiretinal membrane (IMEM) shows a high incidence and affects visual function of patients.The primary management of IMEM is vitrectomy,but the study on prediction of visual acuity after operation by optical coherence tomography (OCT) is seldom.Objective This study was to evaluate the predicting ability of OCT for preoperative visual outcome for IMEM patients who received vitrectomy.Methods The clinical data of IMEM patients with vitrectomy from March 2009 to May 2013 were retrospectively analyzed in People's Hospital Peking University.Forty-nine eyes of 48 cases were divided into continuous group (19 eyes of 18 cases) and discontinuous group (31 eyes of 31 cases) based on whether the extraretinal layers were intact on OCT,including retinal pigment epithelium (RPE),inner and outer segment of photoreceptors (IS/OS) and external limiting membrane (ELM).Central foveal thickness (CFT) by high-resolution spectral-domain OCT and best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) (LogMAR) before surgery and 12 weeks after surgery were recorded and compared between the two groups,and the correlations of shift of CFT with the shift of LogMAR vision was analyzed by unitary linear regression to evaluate the value of OCT in predicting postoperative vision.Writen informed consent was obtained from each patient prior to any medical operation.Written informed consent was obtained from each patient before surgery.Results In 12 weeks after operation,reflective strips of RPE layer,IS/OS and ELM layer were intact in 18 eyes of the continuous group after vitrectomy.The number of eyes with discontinuous strip in RPE layer decreased to 1 eye after operation from 6 eyes before operation,and the number of eyes with IS/OS reflective strip discontinue decreased to 19 eyes after operation from 29 eyes before operation,and that with ELM layer discontinue decreased to 15 eyes after operation from before operation in the discontinuous group.The improvement of LogMAR BCVA was increased with the decline of CFT values with a negative correlation between them (R2 =0.298,B =0.001,P =0.000),and postoperative LogMAR visual acuity improved 1 line whenever CFT reduced by 100 μm.LogMAR BCVA was 0.4±0.19 before surgery and 0.36±0.21after surgery in the continuous group,showing a insignificant difference between them (t =0.876,P=0.393).In the discontinuous group,the postoperative IogMAR BCVA was significantly higher after operation (0.46±0.26) than 0.82 ±0.41 after operation (t =6.206,P =0.000).The increase value of LogMAR after vitrectomy was 0.3 in the discontinuous group,which was superior to 0.0 of the continuous group.Conclusions The continuity of extraretinal layers and CFT by OCT are closely associated with the improvement of vision after vitrectomy in the eyes with IMEM.Postoperative vision is better in IMEM eye with continuous retinal reflective strips before operation,and majority of IMEM eyes can improve vision after operation.Preoperative OCT seems to be an important diagnostic tool for the selection of patients who benefit or not from surgery to certain extent.
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