Background Meibomain gland is a specially differentiated sebaceous gland lying in the tarsus of upper and lower eyelid.The morphological changes of the gland is associated with a variety of ocular surface diseases.Studying the relationship of morphological and functional change of meibomain gland with ocular surface is of great significance.Objective This study was to observe the change of morphology,structure and function of meibomain gland over aging and investigate the assocation of meibomain gland abnormality with ocular surface.Methods A prospectively cases-observational study was performed.Ninety-three eyes of 93 patients with age-related cataract aged 45 and older were enrolled in Shanxi Eye Hospital from March to September 2016 under the informed consent.The patients were divided into 45 to 59-year group and ≥60-year group according to age or meibomian gland loss ≥ 1/3 group and meibomian gland loss ＜ 1/3 group.The ocular anterior segment,lid margin,meibomian gland orifices and lipids traits were examined by slit-lamp microscope.The ocular surface symptoms were assessed and scored by Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) scale.The break-up time of tear film (BUT),tear meniscus height,meibomian gland dropout degree,conjunctival hyperemia and corneal fluorescence staining scores were measured using ocular surface analyzer.Results No dry eye symptom was complained in all the subjects,and their OSDI scores were ＜12.No abnormal changes at the lid margin and the muco-cutaneous junction were observed.No abnormality of the meibomian gland orifices,the lipids traits and drainage was observed under the slit-lamp microscope.BUT was shortened in 42 eyes (45.16％);tear meniscus height was lowed in 52 eyes (55.91％);meibomian gland loss range was ≥1/3 in 58 eyes (62.27％).The meibomian gland loss scores were 1.65±0.79 in the 45 to 59-year group and 1.86±0.72 in the ≥60-year group,showing an insignificant difference between them (t =1.301,P =0.197).But when coming to the correlation analysis,a positive correlation was found between meibomian gland loss scores and age (rs =0.323,P=0.002),and no correlations were seen between age and BUT or tear meniscus height (rs =0.154,P =0.141;rs=-0.024,P =0.821).In addition,meibomian gland loss scores showed a negative correlation with mean BUT (rs =-0.251,P =0.015).The eye number of BUT abnormality in the meibomian gland loss ≥ 1/3 group was more than that in meibomian gland loss ＜1/3 group (P =0.018).Conclusions Meibomian gland loss is more serious over aging in middle aged and elderly population,and serious meibomian gland loss increases the risk of tear film instability.The early meibomain gland dysfunction-like signs occur prior to symptoms,which should raise concern in clinical work.%背景 睑板腺是位于上下睑板内一种特殊分化的皮脂腺,其形态学和功能学的严重改变与多种眼表疾病有关,研究睑板腺形态学和功能变化与干眼的关系具有重要的临床意义. 目的 观察年龄相关性白内障患者的睑板腺形态、结构及功能变化,探讨衰老与睑板腺功能障碍(MGD)及眼表健康状态的关系.方法 采用系列病例观察研究方法,选取2016年3-9月在山西省眼科医院就诊的45岁以上年龄相关性白内障患者93例93眼作为研究对象,按照年龄将患者分为45～ 59岁组和≥60岁组;按照睑板腺缺失范围将受检眼分为睑板腺缺失范围≥1/3组和睑板腺缺失范围＜1/3组.采用裂隙灯显微镜检查眼表组织、睑缘形态、睑板腺开口形态和睑脂性状;采用眼表疾病指数(OSDI)量表问卷对眼表症状进行调查和评分;采用眼表综合分析仪测定受检眼泪膜破裂时间(BUT)、泪河高度、睑板腺缺失、结膜充血及角膜荧光素染色情况.结果 93例受检者均无干眼主观症状,OSDI问卷评分均＜12分.裂隙灯显微镜检查受检眼均未发现睑缘及皮肤黏膜交界线的形态学变化,无睑板腺开口、睑脂排出及睑脂性状的异常.眼表综合分析仪检查发现,42眼BUT缩短,占45.16％;52眼泪河高度下降,占55.91％;58眼睑板腺缺失范围≥1/3,占62.27％.45 ～59岁组受检眼睑板腺缺失评分为1.65±0.79,≥60岁组为1.86±0.72,差异无统计学意义(t=1.301,P=0.197).但相关分析示年龄与睑板腺缺失评分呈弱正相关(r5=0.323,P=0.002),与BUT及泪河高度均无明显相关性(r=0.154,P=0.141;r =-0.024,P=0.821);睑板腺缺失评分与BUT呈负相关(r3=-0.251,P=0.015),睑板腺缺失范围≥1/3组BUT异常的发生眼数明显多于缺失范围＜1/3组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.018). 结论 中老年人随着年龄的增长,睑板腺缺失逐渐加重;睑板腺缺失范围较大者发生泪膜不稳定的风险增加;早期MGD患者体征先于症状出现,临床工作中应重视无症状的MGD患者.
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