安徽池州地区小儿腹泻病毒病原学研究

摘要

Objective To understand the major viral pathogens for infant diarrhea in Chizhou, Anhui. Methods Fecal specimens were collected from 428 infants hospitalized with diarrhea in People's Hospital of Chizhou, Anhui between January 2005 and December 2006. Enzyme immanoassay (EIA) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were performed to detected specific antigens of rotavirns, astrovirus, adenovirus or calicivirus. For rotavirus, specimens were tested for typing by serum virology and reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR). Results The positive test rates for rotavirus, calicivirus and adenovirus were 29.2%, 10.5% and 2.4% , respectively, in infants with diarrhea from Chizhou, Anhui. Among them, 3 cases (2.4%) were infected with two or more viruses. Forty-four fecal specimens were tested with ELISA and RT-PCR for rotavirus, and the results showed that the two methods got consistency of 97.7%. Another 48 rotaviruses of serotype G were further typed as serotype Ⅰ (3 cases), Ⅱ(1 case),Ⅲ (35 cases) and Ⅸ (2 cases), with 7 cases untyped. Among the cases that could be typed, 26 cases were collected from 2005, and 15 from 2006. RV type Ⅲ was the major pathogens for infant diarrhea, with 24 from 2005 and 11 from 2006. Among the 8 rotaviruses of type P, 7 were type as G3P8 and one G9PS. The epidemic of rotaviras showed significant season privilege, with a high prevalence in winter-spring, while the prevalence of calicivirus was prone to be high in Fall. Conclusion Rotavirus was the major viral pathogen accounting for infant diarrhea in Chizhou, Anhui, followed by calicivirus and adeunvirus. Type G3 was the main rotavirus, especially type G3P8.%目的 了解安徽池州市小儿腹泻的主要病毒病原.方法 采集2005年1月至2006年12月间在安徽池州市人民医院儿科住院的428例小儿腹泻患者粪便标本,采用酶免疫分析或ELISA法分别检测轮状病毒、星状病毒、腺病毒或杯状病毒抗原.对轮状病毒进行病毒株血清学检测,并采用RT-PCR进行基因分型.结果 安徽池州小儿腹泻常见的病毒病原检出率分别为轮状病毒29.2%、杯状病毒10.5%、腺病毒2.4%.其中,混合感染率为2.4%.同时比较用PCR及ELISA两种方法检查44份粪便标本中轮状病毒,结果两种方法检查一致率达97.7%.对48株轮状病毒G血清型分型结果是血清Ⅰ型3份、Ⅱ型1份、Ⅲ型35份、Ⅸ型2份、未能分型7份.分别来自2005年26份可分型、2006年15份可分型,2年中均以RV Ⅲ型占绝大多数(分别为24株、11株),其他型别仅占少数.对8株轮状病毒P分型,其中7株为G3P8,1株为G9P8.轮状病毒感染具有明显季节性,以冬、春季多,杯状病毒似乎以秋季多.结论 安徽池州地区小儿腹泻的病毒病原中以轮状病毒为主,杯状病毒次之,腺病毒检出率低.两年中流行的轮状病毒以G3型为主,G3P8多.