不同年龄人群感染甲型H1N1流感病毒临床特征分析

摘要

目的 述不同年龄患者感染甲型H1N1流感病毒临床特征.方法研究对象为北京佑安医院2009年5月至2009年7月收治95例甲型H1N1流感确诊患者,按患者年龄分组并进行回顾性分析.结果 甲型H1N1流感患者平均年龄23.44±14.73岁.其中儿童及青壮年患者累计百分率达74.7%,为患者主体.从低龄组到高龄组患者,隐性感染率有逐渐增高趋势,差异无统计学意义.儿童组淋巴细胞比率明显高于其他年龄组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.039).患者咽拭子核酸检测阴转时间为6.5±2.10(2～12)d,不同年龄组间咽拭子阴转时间无统计学差异(P=0.272).13例(13.7%)患者出现并发症,6例合并肺炎患者中4例发生在儿童组患者.结论 甲型H1N1流感患者年龄分布明显不同于季节性流感,以儿童、青壮年为发病主体,在儿童患者中流感症状明显,肺炎是该人群的主要并发症.%Objective To describe the feature of different age patients with A-H1N1.Methods Cross-sectional study was performed in 95 patients who were confirmed to be infected with A-H1N1 from May,2009 to July,2009,in according to their age.Results The average age of patients with A-H1N1 infection was 23.44±14.73.Accumulative prevalence in children and young adult reached 74.7% of total patients.There was a trend that the subclinical infection rate raised gradually from 0-15 years group to over 45 years group.The percent of lymphocyte in 0-15 years group was significantly higher than other age groups,P=0.039.The average time of virus shedding were 6.5±2.10 days (from 2 days to 12 days),and there were no significant difference in diverse age groups,P=0.272.13 out of 95(13.7%)patients presented complications related with A-H1N1 infection,and 4 of 6 patients complicated with pneumonia were in the 0-15 years group.Conclusion The distribution of age in A-H1N1 infection is markedly different from seasonal influenza,with more cases in school children and young adults and fewer cases in older adults. Flu-like symptoms in children were apparent and pneumonia was the major complication in children.