基于“马斯洛需要层次理论”的互动式信息支持在减轻HIV感染孕产妇焦虑水平的应用研究

摘要

目的 评价基于马斯洛需要层次理论的互动式信息支持对HIV感染孕产妇焦虑状态的积极作用,以期为我国艾滋病孕产妇达成完好身心健康状态及和谐心理的研究与实践提供借鉴.方法 对61名HIV感染孕妇分成实验组(n=31)和对照组(n=30),采用状态焦虑问卷(SAI),在首次门诊、剖宫产前一日晚、剖宫产后24 h、出院当天进行调查.结果 实验组与对照组患者状态焦虑水平在首次门诊、剖宫产前一日晚至剖宫产后24 h、出院前一天各个时点均呈逐步下降,将实验组与对照组每两个时点焦虑水平的下降程度进行比较,只有术后—术前焦虑水平的下降程度差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05),其余各时点焦虑下降程度两组比较均有统计学意义(P＜0.05),其中术前—入院和术后—入院焦虑下降程度两组比较存在特别显著性差异(P＜0.01).结论 予以HIV感染孕妇针对性的互动式信息支持,能显著降低HIV感染孕妇的焦虑水平.%Objective Evaluating the positive effect of the interactive psychological support based on Maslow's hierarchy of needs to reduce the anxiety level of maternal who has been infected with HIV,to provide evidence for the research and practice of how to keep the well being of those maternals who have been infected with HIV in China.Method 61 maternals who have been infected with HIV was allocated to the experimental group(n =31)and the control group(n =30),using the State anxiety questionnaire(SAI),data were collected at the first outpatient service,the night before cesarean delivery,24h after cesarean delivery,and the day of discharge.Result The anxiety level of the experimental group and the control group has both reduced gradually at the first outpatient service,the night before cesarean delivery,24h after cesarean delivery,and the day of discharge.When comparing the decline degree of the anxiety level at each point between the experimental group and the control group,no significant difference has been found between the preoperative and the postoperative anxiety level(P ＞ 0.05).The decline degree of anxiety at the other points all showed significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Among which the declinedegree between preoperativehospitalized and postoperative-hospitalized in the two groups showed particularly significant differences (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Interactive psychological support to the maternal who has been infected with HIV can significantly reduce the anxiety level of the maternal.