2010-2014年苏州市流感病原学监测结果分析

摘要

目的 了解苏州市2010-2014年的流感样病例(Influenza-like illness,ILI)病原学特点,为苏州市流感的防控工作提供科学依据.方法 对苏州市立医院本部和苏州市儿童医院的呼吸科就诊病人进行监测采样,获得成人及儿童流感样病例咽拭子标本,采用实时荧光-PCR方法进行病毒核酸检测,并对结果信息进行描述分析.结果 2010-2014年苏州市共采集ILI咽拭子标本8035份,其中流感阳性标本959份,总阳性率为11.94％,相邻年份阳性率差异有统计学意义(x2=77.78,P＜0.0001).各个年龄组病例阳性率最高的是10 ～ 19岁年龄组,最低的是40 ～ 49岁年龄组;苏州市流感的流行季节为冬春季和夏季,B型流感主要在冬春季流行,而A型流感在全年流行,各个亚型交替流行.结论 苏州地区2011-2014年流感病毒感染人群各个年龄组,发病高峰为每年的冬春季和夏季,各种流感亚型交替流行,因此需要长期对苏州市流感进行病原学监测,为进一步控制流感的传播提供理论基础.%Objective In order to investigate the epidemical characteristics of the Influenza-like illness (ILI) in Suzhou from 2010 to 2014,providing the scientific supports for influenza prevention and control of Suzhou.Methods The influenza samples were collected from the department of respiration of Suzhou Municipal Hospital Division and Suzhou city children's hospital,using fluorescent-PCR method to detect influenza virus nucleic acid and classifying influenza virus subtypes.Results 8035 throat swabs of ILI specimens were collected from 2010-2014 in Suzhou,959 samples were positive (11.94％),the positive rate of difference of adjacent years was statistically significant (x2 =77.78,P ＜ 0.0001).The positive rate was highest in the age group of 10-19 and lowest in the age group of 40-49 among all detected age groups.The influenza epidemic season were winter-spring and summer in Suzhou,type B influenza main in spring and winter,and influenza A in prevalent throughout all year,each subtype showing alternating popular.Conclusions From 2011-2014,influenza virus infected people in every age group of Suzhou,the peak popular time are winter-spring and summer of every year,all kinds of influenza subtype epidemic alternately,so it needs to supervise influenza etiology of Suzhou for a long-term to providing theoretical basis for further control the spread of the flu.