新鲜水果摄入与2型糖尿病患者血糖控制关系的研究

摘要

Objective To investigate the association between fresh fruit consumption and status of glycemic control,among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Methods Using the stratified cluster sampling method,a cross-sectional study was conducted among 19 473 diabetic patients who were under the Disease Management Program related to the National Basic Public Health Service in Changshu county,Huai'an and Qinghe districts of Huai'an city from December 2013 to January 2014,under the combination of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) methods,the glycemic control status in T2DM patients was assessed.Multiple logistic regression method was used to explore the relationship between fresh fruit consumption and status of glycemic control among T2DM patients.Results 62.4％ of the T2DM patients reported their amount of fruits intake in the past year.Both the levels of FPG and HbA1c decreased in T2DM patients,when the frequency and amount of fresh fruit consumption were increasing.Compared with patients who did not take fresh fruits,the risk of poor glycemic control in patients with fresh fruit consumption of 1-4 times/ week and ≥5 times/week decreased 20％ (OR=0.80,95％CI:0.73-0.87) and 30％ (OR=0.70,95％CI:0.62-0.80),respectively.Patients with fruit consumption of 50-99 g/day and ≥ 100 g/day had lower risk of poor glycemic control,with ORs (95％CI) as 0.71 (95％CI:0.62-0.83) and 0.68 (95％CI:0.59-0.78),respectively.Conclusions The association of fresh fruit intake and glycemic control was statistically significant in patients with type 2 diabetes.With the increase of frequencies and amounts of fresh fruit consumption,the levels of FPG and HbA1c showed a decreasing trend.Our findings suggested that fresh fruit intake seemed helpful for glycemic control.%目的 探讨2型糖尿病(T2DM)患者新鲜水果摄入与血糖控制状况的关系.方法 2013年12月至2014年1月,采用整群随机抽样方法,对江苏省常熟市、淮安市原清河区和淮安区纳入基本公共卫生服务管理的19473名T2DM患者进行流行病学调查.联合FPG和糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)两项指标评价血糖控制状况.采用多元logistic回归模型分析新鲜水果摄入与血糖控制状况的关系.结果 62.4％的T2DM患者食用新鲜水果,随着每周新鲜水果摄入频率和每天新鲜水果摄入量的增加,T2DM患者FPG和HbA1c水平均呈现下降趋势.与不吃新鲜水果者相比,新鲜水果摄入频率1～4次/周和≥5次/周者血糖控制差的风险分别降低20％(OR=0.80,95％CI:0.73～0.87)和30％(OR=0.70,95％CI:0.62～ 0.80),摄入新鲜水果50～99 g/d和≥100 g/d者血糖控制差的风险均显著降低,OR值(95％CI)分别为0.71 (0.62～ 0.83)和0.68(0.59～0.78).结论 新鲜水果摄入与T2DM患者血糖控制状况有统计学关联,随着新鲜水果摄入频率和摄入量的增加,T2DM患者FPG、HbA1c水平均呈现下降趋势,有助于其血糖控制.