武汉市社区妇女家庭暴力与创伤后应激障碍的相关性研究

摘要

目的 了解武汉市社区妇女家庭暴力的流行特征,分析家庭暴力与创伤后应激障碍(PTSD)的关系,为提高女性心理健康水平提供依据.方法 采用横断面研究方法,以在武汉市某社区卫生服务中心进行妇科检查的女性作为研究对象,调查其一般特征、社会支持、伤害情况、家庭暴力及PTSD流行情况.采用x2检验、t检验、Cochran-Armitage趋势检验分析PTSD组与健康组间差异,logistic回归分析PTSD与家庭暴力的关系.结果 家庭暴力终身发生率为29.36％,心理暴力、身体暴力和性暴力的发生率分别为28.28％、6.60％和3.55％;PTSD的总患病率为4.73％.遭受家庭暴力的女性患PTSD的风险是未遭受暴力女性的2.11倍(OR=2,11,95％CI:1.04～4.29);同时遭受身体与心理暴力的女性发生PTSD的风险是未受暴力女性的5.06倍(OR=5.06,95％CI:1.91 ～ 13.42).结论 家庭暴力与PTSD存在较强的相关性,对遭受家庭暴力的妇女应进行心理疏导,降低PTSD的发生风险.%Objective To understand the prevalence of domestic violence and the correlation between domestic violence and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) so as to improve the mental health status of women in Wuhan city of China.Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in the community health service center in Wuhan.Participants were women who came to the center for gynecological examination.Data on general condition,social support,injury,epidemiological characteristics of domestic violence and PTSD were gathered.Chi-square,student-t and CochranArmitage trend tests were employed to compare the distribution of each characteristic variable between PTSD and non-PTSD group.Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the correlation between domestic violence and PTSD.Results A total of 1 015 women were effectively surveyed.The life-time incidence rates of events related to domestic,psychological,physical and sexual violence were 29.36％,28.28％,6.60％ and 3.55％,respectively.The overall prevalence rate of PTSD was 4.73％.Women who suffered from domestic violence had higher risk of PTSD (OR=2.11,95％ CI:1.04-4.29) than those who never experiencing domestic violence.Women who suffered from psychological or physical violence were 5.06 times more likely to suffer from PTSD (OR=5.06,95％CI:1.91-13.42).Conclusion A strong correlation between domestic violence and PTSD was seen.Victims who suffered from domestic violence should be provided with psychological counseling to reduce the risk of PTSD.