我国成年人群年龄对体质指数与高血压发病风险的修饰效应

摘要

Objective To study the modification effect of age on the association between body mass index and the risk of hypertension.Methods People age ≥ 18 years old were selected by clusters,from a rural area of Henan province.In total,20 194 people were recruited at baseline during 2007 and 2008,and the follow-up study was completed from 2013 to 2014.Logistic regression model was used to assess the risk of incident hypertension by baseline BMI and age-specific BMI.Results During the 6-year follow-up period,1 950 hypertensive persons were detected,including 784 men and 1 166 women,with cumulative incidence rates as 19.96％,20.51％,and 19.61％,respectively.Compared with those whose BMI＜22 kg/m2,the RRs of hypertension were 1.09 (0.93-1.27),1.17 (1.01-1.37),1.34 (1.14-1.58) and 1.31 (1.09-1.56) for participants with BMI as 22-,24-,26-and ≥28 kg/m2,respectively.In young and middle-aged populations,the risk of hypertension gradually increased with the rise of BMI (trend P＜0.05).However,in the elderly,the increasing trend on the risk of hypertension risk was not as significantly obvious (trend P＞0.05).Conclusion The effect of BMI on the incidence of hypertension seemed to depend on age.Our findings suggested that a weight reduction program would be more effective on young or middle-aged populations,to prevent the development of hypertension.%目的 探讨中国成年人群年龄对BMI与高血压发病风险的影响.方法 采用整群随机抽样方法,选择河南省新安县≥18岁20 194名农村常住居民为研究对象,于2007-2008年开展基线调查,2013-2014年随访.采用logistic回归模型分析基线BMI、年龄别BMI与高血压发病风险的关系.结果 共纳入9 768名研究对象,在6年随访期内,发生高血压1 950例,其中男性784例,女性1 166例,相应的累积发病率分别为19.96％、20.51％和19.61％.以BMI＜22 kg/m2组为参照,基线BMI为22～、24～、26～、≥28 kg/m2的研究对象发生高血压的RR值(95％CI)分别为1.09(0.93～ 1.27)、1.17(1.01 ～ 1.37)、1.34(1.14～ 1.58)和1.31(1.09 ～ 1.56).青中年人群随着BMI的升高,高血压发病风险呈逐渐上升趋势(P＜0.05);老年人群随着BMI的增加,高血压发病风险则无显著变化趋势(P＞0.05).结论 BMI与高血压发病风险的关联受到年龄因素修饰的影响,在青中年人群中干预BMI可更有效降低高血压发病风险.