2014年中国40岁及以上人群二手烟暴露状况分析

摘要

目的 了解中国≥40岁成年人二手烟暴露情况,为制定控烟政策、推动我国控烟事业发展提供更多科学依据.方法 调查对象来源于2014年中国居民COPD监测,从31个省(自治区、直辖市)抽取125个监测点,利用电子问卷通过面对面询问的方式收集有关二手烟暴露的相关变量,实际调查有效样本75 107人,纳入分析的有效样本量为67 435人.对样本进行复杂加权后,分析我国≥40岁成年人二手烟暴露情况及其相关的影响因素.结果 ≥40岁人群二手烟暴露率为44.9％(95％CI:42.3％ ～ 47.5％).40～岁年龄组、高中和中专及以上文化程度、行政干部和办事人员的二手烟暴露率最高.一周中每天都暴露在二手烟的比例最高为27.7％ (95％CI:25.5％ ～ 29.8％).调查场所中,在家中接触二手烟的人比例最高为28.3％ (95％CI:26.2％～30.5％).多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,不同职业和年龄人群二手烟暴露的风险不同.结论 中国≥40岁成年人二手烟暴露水平依然较高,年龄和职业影响我国二手烟的暴露水平.%Objective To describe and analyze the passive smoking exposure level in adults aged ≥40 years in China.Methods A total of 75 107 adults from 125 sites of COPD surveillance points in China were surveyed by electronic questionnaire during face to face interviews.After comprehensive weighting of the samples,the passive smoking exposure level was analyzed.Results The passive smoking exposure rate of the adults aged ≥40 years was 44.9％ (95％CI:42.3％-47.5％).The exposure rate was highest in those aged from 40 to 49 years (51.0％,95％CI:47.9％-54.1％) in term of age groups,in those with senior high school education level and above (48.6％,95％ CI:44.9％-52.2％) in term of education level,and in office workers (57.7％,95％CI:51.8％-63.7％) in term of occupation.The adults reporting passive smoking exposure every days in a week accounted for 27.7％ (95％CI:25.5％-29.8％),and those reporting household passive smoking exposure accounted for 28.3％ (95％ CI:26.2％-30.5％).Logistic regression analysis showed that the passive smoking exposure level was different in different age groups and occupation groups.Conclusion The passive smoking exposure level is still high in adults in China.Age and occupation are the influencing factors of passive smoking exposure level.