纳米铝热剂Al/CuO的制备及性能

摘要

采用溶胶-凝胶法及超临界干燥技术,以聚丙烯酸(PAA)作为分散剂,1,2-环氧丙烷作为Cu(Ⅱ)离子水解促进剂制备了CuO气凝胶,并在温和、无毒的条件下制备了纳米铝热剂Al/CuO.采用比表面测试法(BET)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能谱仪(EDS)、X射线衍射(XRD)、差热分析法(DTA)-差示扫描量热法(DSC)等方法对样品的结构和热反应特性进行表征.结果表明,纳米Al粒子与CuO气凝胶粒子均匀复合,形成Al/CuO.纳米铝热剂Al/CuO的反应放热峰分别出现在598℃和752℃左右,快速燃烧过程伴随明亮火焰.%CuO aerogel was prepared by sol-gel method combined with supercritical fluid drying. Polyacrylic acid and 1 ,2-propylene oxide were used as dispersant and accelerant of Cu(II) ion hydrolysis. AI/CuO nanothermite was prepared under the moderate and non-toxic condition. The characteristics of structure and thermal behavior were investigated by Brunauer Emmett Teller(BET) ,scanning electron microscopy(SEM) ,energy dispersive spectrometer( EDS) , X-ray diffraction( XRD) .differential thermal analysis( DTA)-differential scanning calorimetry ( DSC). Results show nano-AI particles and CuO aerogel are composited uniformly. From DSC curve,AI/CuO nanothermite has two exothermic peaks at 598℃ and 752 ℃. And the rapid combustion process is accompanied with bright flame.