硝化棉基微孔球形药的结构控制研究

摘要

In order to control the structure of ball propellant with micro-pores, the factors affecting the particles diameter, surface porosity, particles surface state were explored by adjusting the process parameters and adding alkane solvents.As a result, the viscosity of NC collosol and the emulsion decrease with the solvent dosage increasing, the average particles diameter decrease apparently.When alkane is drawn into emulsion process as pore-forming agent,the ball propellant with open pores at the surface will be obtained.With the increase of alkane dosage, the surface porosity gradually increases, meanwhile.When the leaching method is used to separate solvent, the high particles sphericity will be gotten through decreasing the speed of adding water.The structures of ball propellant with micro-pores can be controlled effectively by adjusting the process parameter and adding alkane into emulsion.%为了有效控制硝化棉(NC)基微孔球形药的结构,通过调节工艺参数及引入烷烃溶剂等方法,探索颗粒直径、颗粒表面孔隙率和颗粒球形度的变化规律.结果表明: 提高溶剂用量可以降低硝化棉溶胶及乳液的粘度,微孔球形药的平均粒径显著减小.在乳化发泡环节引入烷烃作为致孔剂,可以制备出表面开孔的微孔球形药,随着烷烃用量的增加,表面孔隙率逐渐提高,样品的比表面积也相应增加.采用浸析法进行溶剂驱除时,降低加水速度可以显著提高微孔球形药颗粒的球形度.通过调节工艺参数及在乳液中加入烷烃溶剂,实现硝化棉基微孔球形药结构的定量控制是完全可行的.