目的了解线粒体tRNALeu(UUR)nt3243 A→G突变在中国人2型糖尿病人群中的精确发病率及该基因突变所导致的2型糖尿病的临床特征。方法采用PCR-RFLP技术对716例随机抽取的无亲缘关系的2型糖尿病患者进行了该突变的筛查。结果在2型糖尿病组中发现3例该基因突变携带者，代表了被筛选人群的0.4％。此外，本研究还对近年来报道的与日本人2型糖尿病相关的ND1基因nt 3316 G→A突变进行了筛查，在2型糖尿病组中发现16例(2.2％)突变携带者，在181例正常对照组中发现5例突变携带者(2.7％)，突变的发生率在两组间无显著性差异。携带mt3316位点G→A突变的2型糖尿病组与无该突变的2型糖尿病组之间的临床特点(发病年龄，体重指数，胰岛素分泌功能)比较亦无显著性差异。结论mt 3316位点G→A突变可能仅为人群中的基因多态性。%Objective To assess the prevalence of the A to G mutation at position 3243 of the mitochondrial tRNALeu(UUR) gene in type 2 diabetes in a Chinese population. Methods We screened 716 randomly selected, unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes for the mutation with a PCR-RFLP technique. Results Three individuals with this mutation were identified, representing approximately 0. 4％ of the type 2 patients screened. Further screening of first degree relatives of these 3 patients identified another 4 affected carriers. In comparison with type 2 diabetic patients without the mutation, these 7 carriers of the mt3243 mutation had:①an earlier onset of diabetes (38. 0±10.1 yr vs 53. 4±10.0 yr, P ＜0. 001) ;②lower BMI (19.5±2.0 vs 24. 9±10. 9, P ＜0. 0001) ;and ③ lower post-challenge insulin levels (Area under the curve of insulin levels during the OGTT, 2946± 1647.2 vs 7469±6647.7, P ＜ 0. 01). In addition, we screened the same 716 patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as 181 controls with normal glucose tolerance,for a newly described mt 3316 G→A mutation. This mutation was found in 16 patients with type 2 diabetes (2.20％) and 5 controls (2.7％). Therefore, the frequency of the mutation was not different between patients and controls.Moreover, clinical characteristics such as age of onset of diabetes, BMI, and insulin levels were not different between diabetic patients with the mt3316 mutation and those without it. Concision The mt3316 G→ A mutation is a polymorphism unrelated to diabetes.
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