Objective To establish a scientific and practical principle , grading standard and reasonable statistical method for evaluating the protective effect of health food to gastric mucosal injury , based on general pathology and histopathological diagnosis .Methods A methodological study was conducted on rat model of acute gastric mucosa injury induced by alcoholic through comprehensive analysis and comparing shortcomings of the current standard evaluation method, and methods of semi-quantitative analysis and corresponding information statistic processing were based on characteristics of the lesion and principles of pathology .Results Gross pathological evaluation of gastric mucosa lesion was based on the area occupied and proportion in the whole gastric mucosa .Histopathological diagnosis was based on the mucous layer depth of lesion as main determination point and other lesions as reference factors .Grades of lesion were divided into no abnormality (0), mild lesions (1 point), moderate lesions (2 points), and severe lesions (3 points). Ridit statistical method was used for pathological analysis of semi-quantitative results .Conclusion A scientific and feasible evaluation method for the protective effect of health food to gastric mucosal injury was provided from the aspects of gross pathology , histopathological evaluation method , data processing method and result determination .%目的：建立科学的大体病理学检查和组织病理学诊断的评分原则、更合理的评分标准以及合理的统计学方法，为保健食品对胃粘膜损伤有辅助保护作用提供更为科学、可行的评价方法。方法通过对大鼠胃黏膜急性损伤酒精模型的全面分析，针对现行方法中评价方法的缺点，根据病变特点及病理学检查的原则和半定量分析方法，以及相应的统计学方法等信息化处理，进行方法学探讨。结果大体病理学检查按照病变所占面积以及在整个胃粘膜所占的比例；组织病理学诊断根据病变累及粘膜层的深度作为判定粘膜受损严重程度的主要依据，其他各种病变作为参考因素。分别分为未见异常（0分）、轻度病变（1分）、中度病变（2分）和重度病变（3分）。统计学方法采用Ridit统计学方法分析病理学半定量的结果。结论从大体病理学、组织病理学的评价方法以及数据处理方法和结果判定等方面，提出了对胃粘膜损伤有辅助保护功能的动物实验相对更为科学、可行的评价方法的建议。
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