沙门菌胃肠道感染235例分析

摘要

目的：了解沙门菌胃肠道感染的临床特征及流行病学特点。方法：回顾分析1998—2013年在复旦大学附属金山医院肠道门诊就诊的沙门菌胃肠道感染患者的临床资料及流行病学特点。结果：1998—2013年在复旦大学附属金山医院肠道门诊就诊的腹泻患者中共检出沙门菌感染者235例，以2006—2013年检出的病例为主，占96．17％，每年的5月到10月为沙门菌感染高发期。沙门菌感染多在食用污染的食物12～24 h后起病，临床表现为腹痛、腹泻及发热；排便每日3～4次至20～30次，多呈水样，粪便中偶含有黏液或呈脓血便；患者体温波动于38～39．4℃，可伴有畏寒。健康的成年人感染沙门菌后症状持续2～5d后可恢复，而年老体弱者则可持续较长时间。呕吐、腹泻严重者可发生严重脱水。结论：了解沙门菌的临床表现、发病特点及流行病学特点，有利于该类疾病的早期临床诊断和治疗。%Objective:To understand the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of gastrointestinal salmonella infection . Methods:The clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients with gastrointestinal salmonella infection in Enteric Diseases Clinic of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan Uninversity during 1998 and 2013 ,were retrospectively analyzed .Results:During 1998 and 2013 ,235(96 .17% was recent 8 years) cases with Salmonella infection were checked out from patients with diarrhea in Enteric Diseases Clinic of Jinshan Hospital affiliated to Fudan University .Most of the cases(96 .17% ) were checked out dur‐ing 2006 and 2013 .The annual high prevalence of salmonella infection was during May and October .The onset of salmonella infection was mainly 12‐24 h after eating salmonella contaminated food .The manifestation was mainly abdominal pain ,diarrhe‐a ,and fever .Daily defecation times were from 3‐4 times to 20‐30 times .Watery stool was most often found ,while mucous stool or bloody purulent stool was accidently found .The variation of patients’ temperature was between 38℃ and 39 .4℃ .It might be accompanied by chill .Once infected with salmonella ,the symptoms of healthy adults would last for 2~5 days till re‐covery .However ,the symptoms of old and infirm ones would last for a long time .Severe vomit and diarrhea might cause se‐vere dehydration .Conclusions:To understand the clinical manifestations ,the features of onset ,and the epidemiological charac‐teristics ,is conducive to the early clinical diagnosis and therapy .