5种抗菌药物与舒巴坦对临床分离鲍曼不动杆菌体外联合药敏试验

摘要

Objective To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of single cefoperazone,ceftazidime,imipenem,tigecycline and colistin and their combination with sulbactam against clinical isolates of Acinetobacter baumannii (A.baumannii).Methods Twentythree meropenem-resistant A.baumannii strains and 21 meropenem-sensitive strains from the Study for Monitoring Antimicrobial Resistance Trends (SMART) during 2011 and 2012 were collected,and their combination susceptibility tests were performed by the checkerboard dilution method.The fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) index was calculated to evaluate the combination effect of antibiotics.Results No antagonism effect was observed for all of combinations.The combination of sulbactam with cefoperazone or tigecycline mainly produced synergistic effect on A.baumannii,and the strains with FIC index ≤0.5 accounted for 56.8％ and 50.0％,respectively.The combination of sulbactam with imipenem or colistin showed synergistic or partially synergistic effect on A.baumannii,and the strains with FIC index ＜ 1 accounted for 61.4％ and 52.3％,respectively.However,the combination of sulbactan with ceftazidime didn't show any interation,and the strains with FIC index ≥4 accounted for 63.6％.Conclusion The combination of sulbactam with cefoperazone has the best synergistic effect on A.baumannii,especially on carbapenem-sensitive A.baumannii.The combination of sulbactam with imipenem or tigecycline may enhance the antibacterial activity on carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii.The combination of sulbactam with imipenem or tigecycline may be helpful for the treatment of carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii infection.%目的 观察头孢哌酮、头孢他啶、亚胺培南、替加环素、黏菌素单药及其与舒巴坦联合用药对鲍曼不动杆菌的体外抗菌作用.方法 选取2011-2012年抗菌药物耐药趋势监测研究(SMART)监测美罗培南耐药鲍曼不动杆菌23株、关罗培南敏感鲍曼不动杆菌21株,采取棋盘稀释法进行联合药敏试验,计算部分抑菌浓度指数(FIC)判定联合效应.结果 所有组合体外均未出现拮抗作用,头孢哌酮、替加环素与舒巴坦联合应用对鲍曼不动杆菌的抗菌效应以协同作用为主,FIC指数≤0.5的菌株分别达56.8％及50.0％;亚胺培南、黏菌素与舒巴坦联合应用对鲍曼不动杆菌的抗菌效应主要表现为协同和部分协同作用,FIC指数＜1的菌株分别占61.4％和52.3％;头孢他啶和舒巴坦联合应用则主要表现为无关作用,FIC≥4的菌株占63.6％.结论 5种联合用药组合中,头孢哌酮与舒巴坦联合用药的体外协同作用效果最好,尤其对碳青霉烯敏感的鲍曼不动杆菌,可增强其体外抗菌活性;亚胺培南、替加环素与舒巴坦联合用药可增加对碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌的体外抗菌活性.临床对碳青霉烯耐药鲍曼不动杆菌引起的院内感染,可考虑联合应用亚胺培南/舒巴坦、替加环素/舒巴坦进行治疗.