改良线栓法制备家兔大脑中动脉局灶性脑缺血模型

摘要

目的 探讨采用改良线栓法建立家兔局灶性脑缺血模型. 方法 采用随机数字表法,造模前将45只健康清洁级成年新西兰家兔分为假手术组(5只)及模型组(40只),用自制头端蘸有石蜡的2-0钓鱼线作为线栓,由颈外动脉残端剪口,经颈内动脉置人颅内,堵塞大脑中动脉起始部,6h后进行神经功能评分,神经功能缺损评分≥2分视为造模成功.麻醉处死家兔,用2％2,3,5-三苯基氯化四唑溶液对脑片进行染色,观察梗死灶情况.对模型组中造模成功、失败及死亡的实验兔进行线栓头端直径、线栓置入深度的比较. 结果 模型组40只,其中死亡6只,包括术后4h内死于蛛网膜下腔出血4只、因麻醉意外死亡2只,死亡率为15.0％;失败7只,主要为脑血管痉挛及线栓置入深度不足;造模成功27只,成功率67.5％.假手术组全部存活.造模成功家兔的线栓头端直径、置人深度分别与死亡及失败结局家兔比较,差异均有统计学意义[直径(mm):(0.52 ±0.14)比(0.45±0.40)和(0.58 ±0.17);深度(cm):(5.49±0.17)比(6.04±0.11)和(4.26±0.30);均P＜0.05]. 结论 改良线栓法可成功制备家兔大脑中动脉局灶性脑缺血模型,操作简便,且可重复.%Objective To investigate the establishment of focal cerebral ischemia model in rabbits with the improved suture method.Methods A total of 45 healthy and clean adult New Zealand rabbits were divided into either a sham operation group (n =5) or a model group (n =40) using random number table method before modeling,and the sex was not limited.The self-made head ends of 2-0 fishing lines dipped in paraffin were used as the sutures.The external carotid artery was cut and inserted into a intracranial artery through the internal carotid artery and blocked the origin of middle cerebral artery.The neurological function score was performed after 6 h.The neurological deficit scores ≥2 was successful modeling.The rabbits were killed by anesthesia.The brain slices were stained with 2％ 2,3,5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride solution.The infarct foci were observed.The diameters of suture head and the depth of suture insertion were compared in the model rabbits with successful modeling,failure,and death in the model group.Results There were 40 rabbits in the model group,six of them died,including 4 died of subarachnoid hemorrhage within 4 h after operation,and 2 died from anesthetic accident.The mortality rate was 15.0％.Seven rabbits failed,mainly because of cerebral vasospasm and the insertion depth of suture was insufficient.Twenty-seven had successful modeling,and the success rate was 67.5％.All the rabbits in the sham operation group survived.The diameter of the suture head and insertion depth in the successful modeling rabbits were compared with the death and failure outcome in rabbits.The difference was statistically significant (diameter:0.52 ± 0.14 mm vs.0.45 ±0.40 mm and 0.58 ±0.17 mm;depth:5.49 ±0.17 cm vs.6.04 ± 0.11 cm and 4.26 ±0.30 cm;all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The improved suture method can successfully prepare the focal cerebral ischemia model of middle cerebral artery in rabbits.The method is simple.Its repeatability and practicability are better.